문헌조사에 근거한 인적 처벌 중심 안전 접근의 학술적 배경, 한계점 및 개선 방안

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate backgrounds and limitations of personal punishment-oriented safety approach from an academic point of view and to propose its improvement measures.BRBRBackground: The complexity of socio-technical systems which are comprised of interacting human, technological and environmental components has ever-increased, which resulted in change in accident causation mechanism. Consequently, the traditional blame-oriented safety approach should be changed.BRBRMethod: This study was based on the literature survey, via a search of the ScienceDirect and Scopus using the keywords: accident causation model, accident investigation technique, and system safety.BRBRResults: Backgrounds for blaming-oriented safety approach were summarized in viewpoint of the safety-I, domino theory and hindsight bias. The approach was necessary and helpful to learn from and prevent accidents or incidents in relatively simple systems of the past. Its limitations were revealed and presented from the perspective of the safety-II, domino theory, accident pyramids, characteristics of complex socio-technical systems, hindsight bias, and change of safety paradigm. This showed that the traditional approach would not prevent a recurrence of accidents in complex socio-technical systems, unless underlying causes across the systems were addressed.BRBRConclusion: Based on the results, it was suggested that to raise the level of safety, the safety approach should be shifted from traditional safety-I to safety-II.BRApplication: The results of this study will provide academic backgrounds for changing safety approach.