Abstract
The objective of the article is to consider the peculiarities of interpreting the myth of Sisyphus in R. Merle’s plays “Sisyphus and Death” and “New Sisyphus”. It is shown that by transforming the main elements of the ancient story (images, motives, events), introducing new characters (archons and plebeians), the writer fills it with social perception. Merle interprets the hero’s rebellion against gods - captivity of Death - as the middle class representative’s struggle with the authoritarian system. The story of Sisyphus in Merle’s interpretation affirms a personality’s right to change the social structure, asserting the idea of collective responsibility for its formation.
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