ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ПРИНЦИПІВ БУДОВИ ТА ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПЕРИМЕТРОВИХ СИСТЕМ ОХОРОНИ АРСЕНАЛІВ, БАЗ ТА СКЛАДІВ

Abstract

The current state of organization of protection of missile and ammunition storage facilities shows the imperfection of the installed perimeter alarm systems and, as a result, an ineffective response mechanism in case of emergencies. Events of recent years, namely explosions at arsenals in Balakleya, Kharkiv region and Kalynivka, Vinnytsia region, field depots near Svatove, Luhansk region, Maloyanisol, Donetsk region, and Ichnia, Chernihiv region, point to an imperfect system of protection and defense of storage sites. There are systemic omissions in the organization of systems for detecting the penetration of sabotage groups into the territory of arsenals, bases and warehouses, which showed training with the involvement of Special Forces in August, September 2018. These factors are directly related to the lack of funding for programs to ensure the safe storage of missiles and ammunition in storage, and, as a result, lead to emergencies. In all cases, versions of the emergencies that caused the explosions were considered. The main versions include arson, negligence and sabotage, with the main version being sabotage. It should be noted that the development of various protection systems is based on the principle of creating closed, consistent boundaries that begin outside the controlled area and are concentrically tightened to particularly important premises. At each border, threats of security breaches must be identified in a minimum amount of time. The perimeter is the first and most responsible line of protection. The main task of protecting the perimeter of the territory is to detect the violator during the approach and to overcome the perimeter line. The principle of prevention is the most important criterion of the security system of the critical infrastructure, which makes it possible to obtain information about the incident before the intruder, thus gaining additional time to respond and prevent the threat. Sometimes video surveillance systems (security television) are used to protect the border №1 – as the most common solution among technical means of protection. But it is worth remembering – video surveillance often does not protect against illegal actions. Incidents recorded by video cameras are investigated much later after they are committed. Of course, if the video surveillance system is operational, the incident is serviced and the incident is recorded in the archives of the video surveillance system. But, according to statistics, this is not always the case. In this case, regardless of the budget of the solution and the technology used, it is often the «human factor» eliminates all the benefits and reduces the effectiveness of the security system. Perimeter security systems have a number of qualitative features that distinguish them from other security systems. Thus, perimeter security systems differ in the principles of operation, design and configuration options. At the same time, most perimeter systems are used to protect open areas in the face of continuous exposure to adverse natural factors. With a variety of technologies, methods of implementation, features of design, installation and maintenance of perimeter security systems, the rationale for the choice should be based on the criteria for selecting optimal solutions. As Yu. Tarasov notes in his work, «the choice of the optimal option for building a perimeter security system is based on a comparative analysis of their main characteristics, primarily such as efficiency and cost». Keywords: alarm system, security system, arsenal, base, warehouse, perimeter.