Акустические характеристики голоса у представителей голосоречевых профессий с функциональной дисфонией по гипотонусному типу

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the acoustic characteristics of the voice in voice professionals and non-voice professionals. We examined 80 people aged 23 to 45 years with functional dysphonia of the hypotonic type, who applied to the phoniatric office of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of ENT. Of these, 23 were professional vocalists, 12 were representatives of speech professions, and 45 were non-professional voices. First, the phoniatrist examined the larynx and assessed its condition with video endostroboscopy (K. Storz) or video pharyngolaryngoscopy (VIVIDEO, KayPentax). Objective acoustic analysis was performed using the Multi-Speech software and hardware complex and the MDVP software (KayPentax). The numerical and graphical expressions of the following parameters were evaluated: noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR), voice turbulence index (VTI), and soft phonation index (SPI). The results of the study showed that the SPI index is the most informative in assessing hoarseness in patients with hypotonic functional dysphonia. The lower values of this indicator in vocalists can be explained by the presence of a sufficiently developed resonator system of the vocal apparatus, which is reflected in the amplification of the high-frequency components of the voice spectrum.