Способ оценки восстановления метаболизма клеток мерцательного эпителия у пациентов после эндоназальных хирургических вмешательств

Abstract

Any surgery on the structures of the nasal cavity leads to injury of the cells of the ciliated epithelium and can trigger the pathogenesis of the development of the inflammatory process if a long-term disturbance in the activity of the mucociliary transport system exists. It is well known that a necessary condition for the movement of cilia of the ciliated epithelium is a sufficient amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as an energy substrate for the activation of contractile proteins that are the part of the cilia. The optimal way for ATP synthesis is the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which proceeds in the presence of oxygen. Given that postoperative trauma accompanies with tissue hypoxia and trauma to the functional layer of the nasal mucosa, it is obvious that ATP deficiency occurs in the cells of the ciliated epithelium. In addition, during an operating injury, changes in cell metabolism occur, leading to a violation of their homeostasis. The main aim of the postoperative period of patients after endonasal surgical interventions is the full recovery of the morphological and functional properties of the ciliated epithelium. This can be achieved, on the one hand, by restoring normal cell oxygenation as soon as possible and, on the other hand, by maintaining the energy balance of cells. Thus, it seems necessary to more actively use in otorhinolaryngological practice drugs that have reparative properties and normalize energy processes in the cell and search for methods to control the restoration of the metabolism of ciliated epithelial cells.