건축·공간디자인 분야의 학제간 융합 연구를 위한 시선추적 관련 선행연구의 통합적 경향 분석

Abstract

This study aims to suggest implications for the field of architecture and space design by analyzing the tendencies of journal articles that have been conducted using the eye tracking technique, from various angles. For this study, years, research fields, research purposes, reasons for introduction of the technique and research methods of the final articles, selected in accordance with the data selection criteria were analyzed and the study results are as follows. First, in relation to the research purposes of the previous studies, ‘analyses’ occupied 42.4% of them from a quantitative perspective, but there was a relative lack of the studies for ‘evaluating’, ‘suggesting’, ‘developing’ and ‘seeking’. It is considered that when eye tracking is applied to architecture and space design in future, rather than simple analyses, study results containing practical implications need to be provided. Second, holding a majority, there were 125 papers(55.6%) that introduced the eye tracking technique, ‘because this was an useful technique as an objective and quantitative analysis tool’. This implies the eye tracking technique can be a helpful research method too for research on behaviors of human beings that use consumed spaces or spaces used by the majority. Third, the subjects of the eye tracking experiments were divided into architectural and street spaces, behaviors, images and documents. It was hard to find the validity of experimental design in many of the studies, since there was an absence of descriptions on the study subjects and the experiment time. This demonstrates that eye tracking experimental studies in the future field of architecture and space design have to describe experimental design processes clearly not to lose the objectivity of research. Fourth, when it comes to analyzing eye tracking data, in the initial stages of research, most of the analyses focused on the observation time, whereas since 2010, data have been analyzed using more than two analysis methodologies. This means in the future field of architecture and space design, research tasks need to be verified in an objective way, based on integrated analyses using a variety of analysis methodologies. Lastly, when comparing the tendencies of the studies on architecture and space design and on other fields, the field of architecture and space design has been focused on visual and perceptual response analysis of the subjects, while other fields have been carried out with diverse topics. In the future architecture and space design, the scope of research needs to expand as well in order to seek proper evaluation plans, verify and inquire into design elements, suggest design guidelines and develop education tools.