ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ПОИСКОВЫХ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ АВТОНОМНЫХ НЕОБИТАЕМЫХ ПОДВОДНЫХ АППАРАТОВ ЗА СЧЕТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫХ МАГНИТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

Abstract

The article substantiates the relevance of solving the problems of searching for unexplodedordnance, as well as archaeological and geological surveys in the waters of inland waters andcoastal zones of the Russian Federation. Using examples of mine clearance operations in the BalticSea and a detailed magnetometric survey of the Phanagoria water area, the extensive capabilitiesof modern equipment for localization of objects covered by bottom sediments and visuallyinvisible on the bottom surface are shown. The advantages of using autonomous uninhabited underwatervehicles for the method of searching for ferromagnetic objects based on the registrationof spatially distributed magnetic anomalies are considered. The directions of development of multichannelmagnetometric search tools are shown. The potential capabilities of multichannelmagnetometric systems for identifying search objects are revealed. Using the example of the existingtechnology of diving search, it is shown that the rate of exploration provided in this way isextremely low even under the most favorable conditions: the best visibility, a gentle slope of thebottom with a solid base. At the same time, the time for exploration of a section of the water areaby diving along one shore will be about 5 hours in favorable conditions, and, therefore, this methodcannot be used when examining large water areas. Taking into account the level of technologyachieved at the present stage, it is proposed to use autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicleswith a multi-channel magnetometric system installed as a target load for automating underwateroperations. In addition to automating the process of performing tasks, the use of uninhabited underwatervehicles will either completely eliminate or significantly reduce the dangerous impact onhumans of measures to search for unexploded ordnance and harmful factors of deep-sea operations,as well as reduce material and time costs by reducing operations for servicing divingequipment. Processing the survey results and creating a map of magnetic anomalies will allow youto identify structures whose geomagnetic properties are markedly different from the natural magneticbackground. Such a technique can significantly increase the information content and reliabilityof the results of the survey of water areas, providing the identification of visually invisibleobjects that have their own magnetic field. Based on the theory of the electromagnetic field andmagnetostatics, a method for calculating the parameters and efficiency of the multichannelmagnetometric system for uninhabited underwater vehicles has been developed. The method isdesigned to evaluate the parameters and capabilities for detecting ferromagnetic objects and tomake a preliminary assessment of the search efficiency. As a criterion (achieving a positive resultof evaluating the parameters and efficiency of the multi-channel magnetometric system), in accordancewith the IMAS Mine Action Standards, the following condition is accepted: detection ofan object of a certain type at a given depth. The influence of the above data on the solution of theproblem was evaluated as a result of computer simulation in the software environment of the computer-aided design system MathCAD with further visualization of the results.