ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИХ ПОДХОДОВ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ОБЩЕСТВА ПОД ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕМ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ РЕАЛИЙ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to identify methodological features and guidelines for a comprehensive study of the social structure of modern society based on the analysis of various theories and concepts of the study of the transformation of the society social structure under the influence of social realities. This work reflects the genesis and development of the study of the social structure of society and the position in it of various segments of the population under the influence of social realities that originate in Antiquity. The main class and stratification approaches to the study of the social structure of such scientists as O.Kont, G. Spencer, A. Touraine, M. Weber and P. Bourdieu are outlined. Among domestic studies, the emphasis is on the theory of poverty by L.A. Belyaeva, the factor theory of N.E. Tikhonova, on the multidimensional hierarchical approach Z.T. Golenkova and M.K. Gorshkova. The classification of sociological theories and concepts of the study of the social structure of society, depending on social realities, which made it possible to identify methodological features and guidelines for its study, which consists in the fact that for the most complete and detailed analysis of the social structure, it is necessary to rely on a set of integrated equivalent criteria as objective and subjective. Objective means the real conditions in which a person is (financial situation, professional status, etc.), and subjective self-perception of oneself in the social space.