Abstract
The article presents results of the first stage of the study of the introduced Turgenevka cherry variety on stocks of different growth rates under the conditions of extreme continental climate of the Northern Caspian region to substantiate its use in intensive planting of the arid zone. The aim of our research is to study the economic and biological characteristics and adaptability of Turgenevka variety to the abiotic stress factors of the winter period, which appear on the territory of the Astrakhan region. The study was carried out at the experimental field of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The records and observations were carried out in 2017-2020, in triple replication. The experiment plot was laid down in 2017. The research material is the introduced Turgenevka cherry variety. As a result of the research, the influence of stocks on periods of the main phenological phases, biometric parameters of trees, productivity, early maturity and quality of cherry fruits was revealed. At the initial stage of plant growth and development, it was found that clonal stocks slightly accelerate the start of growth and flowering of the grafted trees in comparison with the trees on seed stock. Turgenevka variety is characterized by a more restrained tree growth (1.5 m ) on a well-grown seed stock (mahaleb cherry). Mahaleb cherry stock also has a positive effect on early maturity of the variety. The largest fruits, 5.7 g, were formed on VTs-13 stock. The tasting score of the fruit was 4.5 points. A complex assessment of the variety resistance to diseases and pests was carried out. The influence of the stock on chemical fruit composition was not revealed. Turgenevka variety showed good resistance to unfavorable environmental factors.
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