ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИХ ТА ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЗАСАД РОЗВИТКУ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ

The development of artificial intelligence and its significant role in economic and social relations, military and cyber threats generated by it indicate the urgency of researching this problem. Ukraine, as a victim of russian large-scale military aggression in 2022, is interested in regulating this area in order to neutralize threats in military and cyberspace.
 The study of the introduction, usage and responsibility of artificial intelligence in the European Union can provide vectors of criminal responsibility of individuals, legal entities, as well as states that implement them in peacetime or wartime with a criminal (terrorist) purpose. An important issue in this study is the possible implementation of artificial intelligence as a tool for criminal justice agencies. The European Commission, taking into account the growing use of artificial intelligence in the European Union, formulated its definition in 2018. In 2020, Ukraine also adopted the Concept of the Development of Artificial Intelligence. However, the fact of harmonization of the legislation of the EU and Ukraine in this area becomes obvious.
 The European Commission's work on artificial intelligence is reflected in the 2018 AI Strategy for Europe, the 2020 White Paper on AI and the recently updated Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence. The preparation of the Artificail Intelligence Act is also underway.
 Analysis of the regulatory framework and positions regarding the implementation, usage and responsibility of artificial intelligence indicate the following trends: 1) the use of artificial intelligence in the European Union is becoming a regulated area that shapes the rights, duties and responsibilities of participants; 2) the usage of artificial intelligence in criminal justice agencies is subject to significant restrictions and prohibitions; 3) responsibility for the use of artificial intelligence and for the dangerous consequences that may be caused by it rests with individuals and legal entities, as well as states, in whose interests it is used.

In a modern regional economy in Ukraine, there is a need to improve the mechanisms of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration. Problems of the economic regional development in Ukraine explains the need to pay attention to strategic management by the regional economic development in the sphere of public administration.
 The issue of strategic management by the regional economic development in the sphere of public administration has been covered in the scientific works. But despite active scientific researches the strategic management by the regional economic development public administration in Ukraine isn’t still studied properly.
 The strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine have been investigated. The normative legal base of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are generalized. The main components of normative legal base of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are The Constitution of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, Codes of Ukraine, Acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and others. The features of strategic planning of regional economic development in the sphere of public administration in Ukraine are considered.
 In today’s conditions, the state of regional socio-economic and ecological development in Ukraine require the improvement of provision of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine. The ways for improving the provision of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are determined.

Introduction: Public administration plays a crucial role in managing the social sphere and implementing social policies in modern societies. In Ukraine, the social sphere serves citizens' interests and supports societal values, but realizing its potential requires effective governance through public institutions. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the key features and principles of public administration in Ukraine's modern social sphere. Methods: This study employed analysis, modeling, and historical methods to review relevant legislation, government reports, and academic literature on public administration and social policy in Ukraine. Results: The research highlights management as a critical element in Ukraine's social sphere administration due to various factors influencing social policy changes. Effective governance reduces inequality and supports citizens facing diverse issues. Key features include the social sphere's role in protecting human rights within political and legal systems, state support encompassing direct payments and other assistance like psychological aid, local and regional levels having significant potential for social work administration, and wartime conditions necessitating adapted governance mechanisms and targeted support for affected populations. Conclusions: Public administration in Ukraine's social sphere requires balancing multiple priorities to uphold citizens' rights and welfare. While facing challenges, the system demonstrates adaptability, particularly in crisis response. Further reforms and efficiency improvements could enhance its capacity to meet societal needs and support Ukraine's development goals

In modern conditions, problems of social and economic development in Ukraine explains the need to pay attention to forecasting, programming, planning improvement in public administration. Scientific and theoretical bases of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration in Ukraine have been a point of many researches made by scientists. Over the recent years, the research of forecasting, programming, planning improvement in public administration in Ukraine is topical for the scholars in various domains, in particular, in the science of public administration. But lots of problems of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration in Ukraine are not fully researched. Forecasting, programming, planning in a public administration in Ukraine have been investigated. Heterogeneity of social and economic regional development and imperfection of governmental system in the field of regional development in Ukraine explain the need to pay attention to study and advancement of normative legal base of forecasting, programming, planning in Ukraine. The main components of normative legal base of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration in Ukraine are the Constitution of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, acts of the President of Ukraine and acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine etc. The conducted analysis of normative legal base of forecasting, programming, planning in Ukraine proves that there has not been created an interconnected normative legal base. In today’s conditions, the state of regional social and economic regional development require improvement of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration in Ukraine. The foreign experience of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration has been investigated. The further scientific research will be devoted to the improvement of normative legal base and organizational provision of forecasting, programming, planning in public administration. Keywords: forecasting, programming, planning, socio-economic development, region.

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence has been deemed revolutionary in medicine, but very few artificial intelligence solutions have been observed in Danish general practice. General practice in Denmark has an excellent system of digitization to develop and utilize artificial intelligence. However, a lack of involvement of general practitioners in the development of artificial intelligence exists. The perspectives of general practitioners as end users are essential to facilitate the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in general practice. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the prerequisites that must be met to enable the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in Danish general practice. METHODS This study applied semi-structured interviews and vignettes to gain perspectives on the potential for developing and implementing artificial intelligence among general practitioners. Twelve general practitioners were interviewed, resulting in an exhaustive dataset. The interviews were transcribed, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify the dominant themes throughout the data. RESULTS Four main themes were identified in the data analysis as prerequisites that general practitioners found important to consider when developing and implementing AI in general practice: ‘AI must begin with the low-hanging fruit’, ‘AI must be meaningful in the GP’s work’, ‘The GP-patient relationship must be maintained despite AI’, and ‘AI must be a free, active, and integrated option in the EHR’. CONCLUSIONS The four themes contributing to defining prerequisites for artificial intelligence can potentially lead the first steps of future development and implementation of artificial intelligence in Danish general practice. The participating general practitioners were positive towards developing and implementing artificial intelligence in their clinics, and it would be valuable to consider the defined prerequisites when considering new artificial intelligence tools for general practice.

Modern processes in the field of public administration, based on the introduction of information and telecommunication systems, lead to the creation of a completely new – digital platform of interaction between the state and society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the theoretical and legal foundations of the implementation of digitalization in the sphere of public administration in Ukraine as a tool for the formation of innovative models of effective interaction between the state and citizens. The subject of the research is public management in the paradigm of digitization processes. Systematization, dialectical, structural analysis, comparative, systematic generalization, statistical, graphic, logical-semantic methods were the methodological tools of research methods. The analysis of scientific sources regarding the definition of "digitalization of public administration" and "digital transformation" proved the multifacetedness of their research and the lack of a single interpretation. It was determined that the digitalization of public administration is characterized as a relevant process of introducing digital technologies into the activities of public institutions, which as a result leads to qualitative transformations in the provision of relevant services to citizens, ensures effective interaction of state bodies with citizens, and improves the state's implementation of its own functions. It was determined that in the conditions of martial law, Ukraine should keep the vector of improving the integrated approach and the stability of the state ecosystem regarding the provision of public services to citizens in a digital format, which involves the optimization of existing operational processes in order to obtain a high-quality and effective result in the functioning of the digital identification system. It is substantiated that the processes of digitalization of relations in society are aimed at automating key administrative tasks, increasing the level of accessibility of citizens to public services, the greatest transparency of the state sphere and its accountability. The section presents the results of the empirical study "Provision of citizens with digital services in your country", which prove the feasibility of digitalization processes in the field of public administration in order to improve the satisfaction of citizens' needs by the state. It is advisable to include the following as promising directions for implementing the transformation of public administration in the digital aspect: sufficient level of digital competencies of employees and citizens; universal access to the Internet within the territorial community; development of interaction between the state and business structures thanks to digital tools; expanding the use of digital technologies in the field of elections. It has been established that the maximum use of modern innovative technologies in the field of public administration during digital transformation will allow to ensure the solution of most of the existing problems in the system of public administration in Ukraine, thanks to the speed, simplicity and efficiency of decision-making regarding the provision of public services, while reducing possible financial or legal violations. The conducted analysis of digitalization in public administration proved that modern information and telecommunication systems are the most effective tools that allow to significantly simplify traditional administrative processes related to the receipt of public services by citizens or legal entities, to control the transparency and quality of service provision by authorities.

The subject of this research is the trends and prospects for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in the military sphere of one of the BRICS member-states – South Africa in the context of national acts (for example, the Law of 2008 “On the Right of Intellectual Property for State-Funded Research and Development”), the potential and needs of this country, as well as achievements in design and manufacturing of unmanned aerial vehicles by the competitor companies (Seeker 400, MA 380, etc.). The relevance of this topic is substantiated by timely consideration of the legal perspective of the approaches of South Africa towards the implementation of artificial intelligence. The scientific novelty of this article is defined by the focus of research and the acquired results. It is determined that South Africa takes the path of institutional, legal and practical consolidation of the development of artificial intelligence in form of creation of designated infrastructure (on the premises of the universities, for example, Intelligent Systems Group at the University of Pretoria), as startups, scientific network structures (Center for Artificial Intelligence Research), etc. It is demonstrated that South Africa is the manufacturer and seller of the line of unmanned aerial vehicles that are controlled by the artificial intelligence and capable of performing various civil or military tasks –  from moving cargo (including laser-guided bombs) to monitoring the territory (search and rescue or reconnaissance operations, damage assessment from natural disasters or combat operations, control conduct of fire at enemy positions, etc.).

In the dynamic landscape of public administration in Ukraine, addressing risks through innovative approaches has become a critical imperative. The primary aim of this study is to assess the prospects and limitations of innovative approaches to risk management within the field of public administration in Ukraine. By scrutinizing current practices, the study aims to provide insights into the effectiveness and potential hurdles associated with integrating innovative strategies into the risk management framework. A comprehensive review of relevant literature and case studies related to risk management in public administration in Ukraine was conducted. The results of the study reveal a range of innovative approaches employed in Ukrainian public administration for risk management. These include technological solutions, data-driven decision-making processes, and adaptive governance strategies. It also identifies limitations such as bureaucratic impediments, resource constraints, and the need for enhanced legal frameworks. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of innovative risk management in Ukrainian public administration. The study advocates for a holistic approach, emphasizing the need for legal reforms, resource allocation, and fostering a culture of innovation within public administration entities. Therefore, the findings highlight the intricate balance between prospects and limitations in integrating innovative risk management approaches in Ukrainian public administration.

Обґрунтовано практичну та теоретичну актуальність дослідження і використання впливу корпоративної культури, соціальної відповідальності та лідерських вмінь керівників на забезпечення результативності трансформації компетенцій органів публічного управління. Проаналізовано у площині публічного управління взаємозв’язок процесів розвитку корпоративної культури, соціальної відповідальності, лідерства та визначено їх вплив на забезпечення результативності реалізації органами публічного управління своїх компетенцій. Проаналізовано стилі лідерства та обґрунтовано доцільність ширшого застосування трансформаційного лідерства як найбільш спроможного забезпечити розвиток корпоративної культури та практики соціальної відповідальності органів публічного управління для ефективної реалізації їх компетенцій.

Problem setting. An important prerequisite and key to successful implementation of the strategic course for the implementation of European standards of living in Ukraine and its entry into the leading positions in the world is the reform of public administration and decentralization in order to create an effective, transparent, open, flexible structure of public administration, transition from the centralized model of government in the state, ensuring the capacity of local self-government and building an effective system of territorial organization of government in Ukraine. Achieving this goal requires the establishment of a system of public administration, which ensures the coherence of competences of local government authorities, executive bodies and civil society institutions. Recent research and publications analysis. While researching the problem of coherencing the competences of local government authorities and executive bodies in the context of establishing public administration system in Ukraine, it is advisable to use the scientific achievements of foreign and domestic scientists concerning the following issues: theoretical and methodological foundations of social transformations (D. Bell, N.Hrazhevska, O. Gromyko, O. Zhuravliov, L. Yevstigneeva, S. Erokhin, T. Zaslavska, E. Ivchenko, N. Makasheva, I. Markovych, M. Minenko, Y. Osipov, G. Pochenchuk, E. Toffler, S. Fillipova, P. Shtomka, Y. Yakovets); different aspects of competences of local government authorities and executive bodies (M. Bajmuratov, O. Batanov, Y. Boiko, Y. Buhlak, T. Buriak, I. Hrytsiak, O. Dniprov, M. Karpa, V. Kravchenko, O. Kuchabskyi, M. Orzikh, M. Oslavskyi, V. Pohorilko, O. Sushynskyi, V. Shapoval). Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. In the context of establishing public administration in Ukraine, it is advisable to study the problem of coherence of the competences of local government authorities and executive bodies as a systemic phenomenon in the plane of the transformation process. Paper main body. To be aware of the phenomenon of transformation in the public-managerial aspect, it is advisable to start from its classical interpretations. As a result, the systematic nature of the transformation of competences of local government authorities and executive bodies in the context of public administration has been revealed. It is a part of the transformation of society through decentralization of power, reform of public administration, local self-government and territorial organization of power, development of civil society and democracy. The very process of establishing public administration in Ukraine is also a subsystem of social transformation, and the problem of coherence of competences (managerial actions) of different entities becomes of universal importance. The coherence of managerial competences of the entities (state, local self-government, civil society institutions) to ensure the processes of social development forms the conceptual basis for public administration itself. There is substantiated the thesis about the necessity to ensure in conditions of establishing public administration in Ukraine the coordinated managerial influence on the development of social processes through not only optimal (harmonized) distribution of competences of subjects of state, self-governing and civic authority by means of their centralization, decentralization, deconcentration, delegation, subsidiarity and also coherence in the carrying out competences, as they are not only the determining elements of the legal status of a public authority, but they also are as a complex of its full powers to exercise the power as means of successful management. It is possible to achieve the maximum effect of the coherence of the activity of public authorities if the condition of regulating legal statuses and competences of the subjects are settled on the general conceptual principles of the public administration system. The general structural and functional model of distribution of competences of local government authorities and executive bodies is abstracted; its main shortcomings are analyzed. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. It is established that harmonizing competences of local government authorities and executive bodies in the context of public administration represents two interrelated processes: optimal allocation of competences of the subjects of state, self-government and civic authorities by means of their centralization, decentralization, deconcentration, delegation, subsidiarity; the coordination of actions of these entities in carrying out their competences. The coherence of competences of public authorities is a mean of ensuring both their successful activity and the effectiveness of public administration as a whole. Achieving the greatest effect of the coherence of the activity of public authorities seems possible only if regulation of legal statuses and competences of the subjects are settled on the general conceptual principles of the public administration system. Taking into account the importance of the personal factor in the processes of transformation of competences of local government authorities and executive bodies in the context of establishing an effective system of public administration in Ukraine, it is advisable to further focus the scientific research on the problem of influence of leadership skills of a leader on the implementation of the above-mentioned transformations in the activity of a public authority.

The aim of the article is to comprehens institutionalization of strategic communications in the system of public administration in Ukraine and identify the main stages and preconditions of this process. During the study, we used the complex of historical and national practices and contracts, phenomenological, interdisciplinary, dialectic, synthesis, application, group and system value. The article presents definition of strategic communications in the system of public administration. The authors substantiate a process and result of institutionalisation, formation, normative and organizational support as purposeful consistent activity of public administration subjects on formation and implementation of state policies and strategy, positioning and changes in social conditions, events and phenomena. Formulated the based stages of institutionalization as universal process that takes place on the following stages: formulation of the need and objectives; legislative consolidation of norms and rules, establishing the system of sanctions, comprehensive integration of social activities. Established that strategic communication in the system of public administration are before industrial stage, characterized by awareness of the needs, formulating goals, creating conditions and opportunities for their implementation. The main prerequisites of strategic communications in the system of public administration are: security, value-ideological, legal and are determined society’s need to ensure effective strategic management and develop joint strategic development of the state. Scientific novelty of the research is to analyze the prerequisites for the institutionalization of strategic communications in the system of public administration and determine its main stages and features. The practical significance of article is related to the possibility of using its material in the work of public administration in the development and implementation of the strategic communications in public administration and education process, research quests on improving public governance and administration in Ukraine.

The article is devoted to assessing the completeness and quality of legal regulation in the field of artificial intelligence and legal support for the use of artificial intelligence in public administration. The author shows the state and development of artificial intelligence regulation in Russia.The author shows that the segments of conceptual and doctrinal and strategic planning acts and the segment of standardizing documents in Russia have been created and filled to a certain extent in the country (at least purely formally), but there are no acts of legal regulation today, neither in a full-fledged modality, nor as some starting point.The article reveals some key problems in the field of regulating the development, testing, implementation and use of artificial intelligence. The author raises the issue of separating the real developments of artificial intelligence technologies that are promising for use in public administration or are already being used or tested in this area, and outright deception in this area. The article proposes a mechanism for searching for appropriate solutions. The author proposes priority measures for completing the regulatory space in the field of artificial intelligence.

The article examines the possibilities of using blockchain technology in the digitalization of public administration in Ukraine and the problems and risks associated with the protection of personal data in this process. The article highlights various areas of blockchain use to optimize the interaction between the state and citizens. The main advantages of blockchain as a state-of-the-art technology for protecting information, including personal data, were discussed in detail. Attention is also paid to the main problems and challenges associated with the use of blockchain when working with personal data, namely: digital identification of a person, correction of errors when entering information about personal data, and the realization of the right to be forgotten. Based on this, it was proposed that the use of blockchain to perform public administration functions is a very effective means of building a digital modern state. At the same time, the transfer of all areas of public administration to digital products with blockchain technology requires the development of new legal mechanisms for the protection of human rights. The use of blockchain to perform public administration functions is a very effective means of building a digital modern state. That is why it is important to introduce the use of this technology in a modern state in all areas of public administration. At the same time, it is also important to realize the potential risks associated with the possibility of encroachment on human rights and the complication of the mechanism for their protection. Any innovations, new technologies and technical capabilities should improve human life, simplify interaction between a person and the state, but in no way encroach on the content and scope of human rights granted and guaranteed. The transfer of all areas of public administration to digital products with blockchain technology requires the development of new legal mechanisms for the protection of human rights. Key words: blockchain, digitalization, digital state, public administration, electronic identification, human rights, personal data, personal data protection.

Aim . The presented study aims to determine the impact of artificial intelligence as a modern breakthrough technology on productivity, to explore how the implementation of artificial intelligence technology will affect the preservation of jobs in different industries, what opportunities it will create for business in terms of increasing productivity along the entire value chain, and how this will affect GDP growth and key economic indicators in various countries. Tasks . The authors identify priority directions for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in various economic sectors; analyze econometric results obtained during previous studies; substantiate the advantages and opportunities of artificial intelligence to facilitate its implementation in the business processes of organizations. Methods . This study uses the methods of analysis, systematization, and correlation analysis. Results . Various definitions of artificial intelligence, levels of its functionality, and fields of application are analyzed. The ways and prospects of using artificial intelligence in different countries are examined regressively by industry and geographical region, with an emphasis on the ways of using artificial intelligence systems (wired/special and adaptive) and automation technologies in the implementation of artificial intelligence. The potential effects of artificial intelligence at each stage of the company's value chain are described. Examples from different industrial sectors are provided. Based on the correlation analysis, the relationship between the implementation of artificial intelligence and productivity growth is presented. Conclusions . Implementation of artificial intelligence has a global economic impact on key economic indicators such as employment and GDP, which is especially important in the current crisis situation. The effect of artificial intelligence should be enough to maintain the rate of economic growth in the long term. The direct impact of artificial intelligence on GDP is due to increased income and employment in firms and industries engaged in the development or production of artificial intelligence technologies. Secondary (indirect) effects will come from other sectors that use certain artificial intelligence technologies to increase the efficiency of their processes and solutions and improve the accessibility of information. Regions implementing an artificial intelligence technology of higher quality can expect its impact on labor productivity to be even more significant.

The article shows the study of public participation in the implementation of public administration. It is estab-lished that the public should act as a socially active part of society, which participates in socio-political life of the country on a voluntary basis. It is determined that the public should be characterized by: the need for communica-tion; focus on collective activity; priority of public interests over individual ones; active expression of their social position. The article proved that the establishment of a constructive dialogue between the public and state structures helps the public to inform state authorities about urgent problems of development of various spheres of public life. It is es-tablished that due to cooperation, partnership with the public, public authorities and administrations become better aware of various social problems. Close cooperation of public administration bodies with public structures allows the population to understand better the logic of management decisions and state policy in a given area, provides its trust and support if necessary. Effective forms of interaction between public authorities and the public and the specifics of the mechanism of public participation in public administration are substantiated and its characteristic features are determined. The article proposes the introduction of a mechanism for public participation in public administration. It is noted that the mechanism of public participation in public administration should be understood as a system of legal and public administration mechanisms that create legitimate conditions and means of real participation of socially active citizens in public administration, in particular, through their involvement in public administration. All mechanisms must be interconnected. The expediency of forming normative-legal mechanisms of public participation in public administration in Ukraine, which should be represented by a hierarchical system of normative-legal acts and consolidate the right of citizens to participate in the management of public affairs, has been proved; to determine the legal status of civil society institutions, in particular, in terms of their legal personality in relation to participation in public administration; to determine the procedural mechanisms of interaction between civil society and the rule of law and the influence of the public on public administration. It is noted that the formation of a civil society, which insufficient level of development in today’s Ukraine hin-ders the dynamics of democratic change, will contribute to the achievement of a corresponding standard of living like in European countries. It is determined that without a developed civil society it is impossible to improve public administration, which requires real public participation in the discussion and management decisions. It is noted that high-quality and effective interaction of public authorities with civil society should be formed under the condition of three basic principles: creation of a state agency, institution, department and division in the system of state power, which will be directly responsible for cooperation with the public; development and adoption of a state program to promote the development of interaction between government agencies and structures with civil society; formation of written agreements between public authorities and non-governmental organizations on their joint activities.