Дипломатическая активность Крымского ханства и ее экономические следствия в Восточно-Центральной Европе в XVI–XVIII веках

Abstract

Research objective: The article is devoted to the discussion of the establish­ment and the development of diplomatic relations between the Crimean Khanate and the countries of East-Central Europe, with special attention paid to the political and economic influence of the Khanate in the European vassal states of the Ottoman Empire. Research materials: The study uses European and Ottoman chronicles, reports from Constantinople, and still unpublished documents from the Austrian, Romanian, and Hungarian archives. Results and novelty of the research: Ottoman studies has paid little attention to the diplomatic relations of the Crimean Khanate with East-Central Europe. Historical studies primarily emphasized the auxiliary role of Tatars in the Ottoman campaigns and did not pay attention to the fact that in their shadow the khans established and maintained diplomatic relations with the sovereign and vassal states of the region. After thorough research in the archives of the region, it was possible to compile a corpus of documents which revealed the process of the development of the khanate’s diplomatic relations, sometimes even leading to cooperation between the Muslim and Christian rulers. The analysis of the collected and systematized material made it possible to establish the role the khanate played in the policy of the Christian vassals of the Porte, and also the development of the taxation of vassal countries by the Tatars. In the case of Moldova and Wallachia, the sources made it possible to trace the formation of different types of obligations and the amount of tribute.