Abstract
The article discusses the role and significance of Khadzhret Kabarda in the history of the national liberation movement of the Circassian people during the Caucasian War. The Khajrets, having an effective military organization, showing high military activity in this sub-region of the North-Western Caucasus for several decades, had an influence disproportionate to their numbers among the peoples beyond the Kuban. The Russian Empire took all measures to neutralize this factor, and the Ottoman Empire used it in its geopolitical interests. The leaders of the Kabardian Khajrets, well aware of the bureaucratic structure of the Ottoman Empire, were in constant contact with the Ottoman Porte. Based on Russian and Ottoman sources, new aspects of Ottoman-Circassian rela-tions are revealed, the chronological framework for the beginning of the resettlement of Circassi-ans to Turkey is specified. Pre-revolutionary Russian and modern historiography attribute the be-ginning of the resettlement process to 1858. Documents from the Ottoman archives, first pub-lished in the article, indicate that this process took place as early as 1835. They also make it pos-sible to identify among the migrants a new category of persons – refugees, which should be dis-tinguished from other categories that appeared later – emigrants and displaced persons.
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