АНАЛИЗ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ И СМЕРТНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ТАМБОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ОТ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ СИСТЕМЫ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ ЗА 2012-2021 гг.

Abstract

Significance. Cardiovascular diseases currently remain one of the significant medical and social problems in the Russian Federation and the world, determining high mortality rates and economic cost incurred by the state. In 2021, 35,574,831 adult patients with cardiovascular diseases were registered in Russia. Over a ten-year period (2012-2021) in Russia, cardiovascular diseases claimed the lives of 8,209,196 people, accounting for 42.1% of deaths from all causes. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in morbidity and mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in the Tambov region in 2012-2021. Material and methods. The source of information on morbidity and mortality included statistical collections of the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, data presented in the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, and data of the Tambov Statistics Service. Results. During 2012-2021, there was an increase in adult cardiovascular morbidity in the Russian Federation, prevalence - from 27318.1 to 30724.2 cases per 100 thousand adult population (by 11.1%), incidence - from 3040.8 to 3673.9 cases (by 17.2%); prevalence in the Tambov region increased from 31380.2 to 33336.8 cases (by 5.9%), incidence - from 2911.3 to 2942.6 cases (by 1.1 %). The increased adult cardiovascular morbidity in the Tambov region is due to arterial hypertension, its prevalence and incidence increased by 19.6% and 25.8%, respectively. Cerebrovascular diseases are characterized by a 3.9% decrease in prevalence and a 4.4% decrease in incidence, while coronary heart disease is characterized by multidirectional dynamics with a decrease in prevalence (by 3.9%) and an increase in incidence (by 10.0%). In 2021, in the structure of prevalence and incidence in adults with diseases of the circulatory system, the share of arterial hypertension equaled to 53.4% and 42.1%, respectively, the share of coronary heart disease was 20.5% and 25.2%, cerebrovascular diseases - 14.4% and 24.4%, respectively. In 2012-2021, a decrease in mortality from diseases of the circulatory system was registered both in Russia and in the Tambov region, from 737.1 to 640.3 per 100 thousand population (by 13.1%) and from 757.2 to 709.7 (by 6.3%) per 100 thousand population, respectively. However, throughout the analyzed period, mortality in the Tambov region is higher compared to the Russian Federation. Over a ten-year period, there is a decrease in the share of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system among those who died from all causes in Russia and the Tambov region, reaching 38.3% and 34.0% in 2021, respectively. Coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases, reaching a share of 83.4% in the structure, make the main contribution to mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. At the same time, a decrease in mortality from coronary heart disease by 3.2% and from cerebrovascular diseases by 17.7% in the Tambov region was established. Conclusion. Improving organization of medical care has made it possible to reduce mortality, however, it is necessary to continue systematic activities to control risk factors, as well as develop and implement effective technologies for follow-up of patients with cardiovascular diseases to prevent severe complications and further reduce mortality.