Abstract
A radial electromagnetic system comprising an inner rotor and a magnetic core constituted by flat elementary layers with circular outlines serves as a basis for the general-industry design of mass-produced induction motors. The manufacture of such layers is associated with a large amount of electric steel wastes. A tendency toward decreasing the losses in induction motors by increasing their specific material intensity, which has been seen in their developments in the recent decades, comes in contradiction with the goals of integrally saving energy and resources. There are also limited series of motors made with the use of radial and axial electromagnetic systems with an external rotor and a flat gap, respectively. The article presents examples of design solutions aimed at decreasing the amount of electric steel wastes and improving radial and axial induction motors by using a spatial structure of electric steel layers in multiplanar, cone-planar, and cone-cylindrical magnetic cores. The article demonstrates the possibilities of optimizing and comparing different versions of the electromagnetic systems of a squirrel-cage induction motor using the generalized method of dimensionless indicators characterizing the technical level and the relative controlled variables with geometrical and electromagnetic parameters. The sequence of elaborating a mathematical model using the above-mentioned method is shown, and the results from a generalized optimization comparison of motor versions with radial and single-rotor axial electromagnetic systems are presented. Optimization calculations are carried out, based on which the possibility of saving resources and improving energy efficiency through replacing induction motors of conventional designs by their inverted and axial multipole analogs is substantiated
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