СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ОТРАСЛИ СЕЛЕКЦИИ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВА В РОССИИ: КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ

Abstract

Purpose: to identify the main problems of development of the domestic branch of selection and seed production and make proposals for their solution. Materials and methods. The research is based on the use of monographic, analytical and statistical and economic methods. Results. It has been determined that currently there is a significant seed import dependence in the agricultural sector that endangers the food security of Russia, especially due to the unstable geopolitical situation in the world. Within the framework of scientific research, the recent achievements in the field of selection and seed production (the development of new highly competitive varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops) are considered; directions of state support for the selection and seed industry development are studied, while a negative trend of reducing its volume is found; a set of measures aimed at the selection work development in our country is considered; the main problems of the domestic selection and seed industry development are identified and grouped in four directions; proposals for their solution are formed. Conclusions. The selection and seed industry is characterized by low investment attractiveness for private investors, which determines the state role strengthening. At present, budgetary support and funding are directed mainly to government agencies, however, private companies are also involved in the development of selection and seed industry, which also need support. Significant conditions providing a comprehensive solution to the problems of industry development, in addition to increasing the government support volume and improving the forms of its provision, are the creation of favorable conditions for increasing human resources, the development of public-private partnerships and building a stable connection of the triad “state – science – production”.