Тяжёлые металлы в почвах различных функциональных зон урбанизированных территорий: оценка содержания и экологического риска

Abstract

In order to analyze heavy metal pollution of urbanized soils of the city of Vladimir, the selection and study of soil samples was carried out. Soil samples were analyzed for lead, zinc, copper, nickel, manganese, cobalt and chromium. The obtained indicators were compared with the maximum permissible concentrations and background values. The regularities between the proximity of the studied sites to industrial enterprises and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil are established. The coefficients of accumulation of heavy metals in soils have been calculated and metals that are priority pollutants with the highest accumulation coefficient have been identified. By calculating the total accumulation index of heavy metals, the territory of the city is differentiated by the degree of danger. The calculation of such indicators as: the general pollution index PLI, the indicator of potential environmental risk PERI, the Nemerow pollution index (NPI). It has been established that lead, arsenic and zinc are priority pollutants. The use of various calculated parameters of pollution allowed us to reveal a more detailed picture of the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the soils of urban landscapes under the influence of a strong anthropogenic load. Despite the differences in the calculation of the indices, a high correlation was found between the values of the total pollution index (Zc), the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) and the potential environmental risk index (PERI). The degree of soil contamination of various functional zones according to the indicator of potential environmental risk and the general pollution index PLI increases in the following series: zones of multi-storey buildings < zones of green spaces < zones of transport infrastructure < zones of low-rise buildings < industrial zones.