Abstract
Two patients with lepromatous leprosy relapse cases were analyzed. Despite WHO combined drug therapy treatment after the period of remission the disease comes back, with deterioration in the condition of patients. PCR analysis revealed Mycobacterium leprae DNA in skin biopsies of the patients both before and after therapy. The taxonomic identification confirmed Mycobacterium leprae by 16S rRNA sequencing. The study of drug resistance determining region at folp1, rpoB, gyrA genes was carried out before and after the therapy, resulting the absence of mutations leading to the development of drug resistance in Mycobacterium leprae. To select the strategy of leprosy alternative chemotherapy a number of approaches used in cases of relapsing course of the disease are considered. Key words: leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae, relapse cases, genetic determinants, antimicrobial resistance, non effective chemotherapy
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