Изменения сетчатки при интравитреальном введении антипролиферативного препарата Мелфалан в различных концентрациях (экспериментально-морфологическое исследование)

Abstract

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is a multifactorial pathological process of formation of epiretinal membranes on the surface of the retina. The main method of treatment of this disease is vitreoretinal surgery. To increase the effectiveness of treatment, intravitreally administered antiproliferative drugs are used. Purpose: to study the effect of intravitreally administered medication Melphalan in varied concentrations on the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), in the experiments on rabbits. Materials and Methods. An experimental morphological study was performed on 28 eyes of 14 Chinchilla rabbits, divided into 4 groups depending on the concentration of Melaphan (0.02 mg, 0.01 mg, 0.0075 mg and 0.005 mg) administered intravitreally once. Results. Four types of morphological changes in the retina and RPE are described, depending on the medication dose administered. The target of Melphalan accumulation in the retina is RPE, which brings about metabolism disorders in the outer layers of the retina and the appearance of atrophic foci. The dynamics of these foci and their reversibility is discussed. Conlusion. The study of morphological changes of the retina in cases of introvitreal administration of Melphalan showed that they are dose-dependent. The minimum retinal toxicity is observed when low concentrations of the drug are used: 0.0075 and 0.005 mg. For citation: Khoroshilova-Maslova I.P., Leparskaya N.L. Retinal changes after intravitreal injections of various concentrations of antiproliferative medication Melphalan: an experimental and morphological study. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2018; 11 (1): 36-40. doi: 10.21516/2072-0076-2018-11-1-36-40 (In Russian).