ПІДТРИМКА СЕЦЕСІОНІСТСЬКИХ РУХІВ РОСІЙСЬКОЮ ФЕДЕРАЦІЄЮ НА СХОДІ УКРАЇНИ ТА ЇЇ ВПЛИВ НА БЕЗПЕКУ ЄВРОПИ

Abstract

The end of the Cold War caused the liquidation of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 and a significant intensification of secessionist movements. For our country, this process had not become painless and has taken the form of fighting the former center. Because according to research commissioned by NATO in 2004 by scientists around the world, countries that are on the verge of breaking geopolitical platforms are not able to choose their future on their own because they are in multiple areas of influence. The article shows the support of the secessionist sentiment in the East of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. Using different tools, the aggressor country influences the activity and practically all spheres of life of Ukrainian society, including the economic sphere, which is shown to be the interest of all participants of armed conflicts. Those wars that were driven by the ideology have came to naught, however, the number of armed conflicts and internal hostilities increased. The quantity of conflicts perpetrated by numerous armed groups within the state borders has increased. Ukraine couldn’t insulate itself from the trend.The armed conflict started by the eastern neighbor-aggressor has set new challenges for the Ukrainian people, which consisted not only of repelling the aggression, but also of maintaining and restoring order in the conflict zone. This permanent source of instability in the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions is of high intensity, characterized by considerable political violence and an extreme number of casualties. Secessionism in the East of Ukraine is substantially combined with separatism and terrorism. As a result, this led to the formation of quasi-entities: the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic. The Russian Federation, as a third party, has proven to be not only a direct aggressor but also a leading actor in supporting the separatist movement in the east of our country. For this purpose, the aggressor country, in addition to the generally accepted, used hybrid methods of conducting warfare, in particular, economic and geopolitical factors, the use of private military companies and other methods are disclosed in this article.