Сучасний екологічний стан малих річок Західного Полісся України (на прикладі річок Луга та Гапа)

Abstract

The purpose. To assess modern ecological state of small rivers of Western Polissia of Ukraine (on an instance of rivers Luga and Ghapa). Methods. Research was carried out according to regular observation on the basis of ecological classification of quality of surface waters of land and firths of Ukraine which includes a panel of hydrophysical, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and other parameters reflecting features of components of aquatic ecosystems. Results. Analysis of modern ecological state of small rivers of Western Polissia of Ukraine was carried out, and also assessment of quality of their waters on conforming classes is made. Findings of investigation were grouped in 3 blocks of parameters: salt compound of water, trophic-saprobiological (ecological-sanitary) block, specific matters of toxic effect. Integrated (ecological) index is determined, which values establish class and category of quality of surface waters. Results of observation over quality of surface waters of rivers Luga and Ghapa testifies to their satisfactory state. Surface waters match to IInd class of quality of water (river Luga — waters, transient on quality from “very good” up to “good”, from “clean” up to «enough clean» on purity; river Ghapa — waters with a trend from “good” up to “satisfactory” on quality, from «enough clean» up to “poorly polluted” on purity). Excess of maximum-permissible concentration is fixed according to trophic-saprobiological parameters. It is caused by high anthropogenic load in basins of the rivers, first of all, waste interceptions of not enough cleaned waste waters. Conclusions. For assessment of ecological situation of water objects of Western Polissia and determination of main directions of water-security activity on improvement of ecological state of each water object the great value has water quality assessment of small rivers.