НАУЧНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ ВЫДАЮЩИХСЯ УЧЕНЫХ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА РОССИИ: МЕМОРИАЛЬНЫЕ КАБИНЕТЫ И ПРОЕКТЫ

Abstract

Some of the most promising means of preserving scientific heritage, accessibility of archives and popularization of science are memorial museums or projects memorializing the memory of outstanding scientists. In the European North-East of Russia immortalizations of heritage is carried with respect to interests of scientists - geological, biological and socio-economic sciences. Three stages of the formation of the scientific community in the region have been identified. The first stage is related to the initial research of scientists who visited the European North in the 18th – begining of 20th century. The preservation of scientific heritage was provided by the creation of the A.V. Zhuravsky museum in the Ust-Tsilm, and by creation of monuments and commemorative places. The next period in the study of the North began in the 1930s-early 1940s and involves the arrival of distinguished scientists to the region. After the work of the scientists a large volume of scientific heritage. The materials composed the basis of the museums-apartments and separate expositions in local history museums in Uhta and Vorkuta. Academic organizations were established in the European North of Russia in the mid-20th century. The memory of the outstanding achievements of scientists is perpetuated in the names of geological and geographical objects, streets and museums in the cities of the region. The preservation of the scientific heritage of the scientist of this period is connected with the activities of already existing museums or with the creation of memorial offices in the scientific and production organizations in Uhta, Vorkuta and Syktyvkar. The working interior of the scientist is reconstructed or preserved in the memorial rooms. Memorial projects are implemented in the existing museums and in the higher educational and academic institutions. Memorial exhibitions have a following structure: science – research – teaching – memoirs. The most convenient and accessible forms of preservation of the scientific heritage are separate museums-offices in the existing museums. The interior, objects and documents introduce the visitor of the museum to the interests, hobbies, and results of the work of the scientist. It gets acquainted with the historical period when a scientist lived and worked. The museum and science are linked by historical continuity and intergenerational culture. The regional memorial projects are aimed to identify regional scientific identity and ways of development of the scientific community. The main development of regional museums is connected with the establishing the new personalities of scientists, with adaptation in virtual space and creation of online exhibitions.