Удосконалення механізму фінансового забезпечення сфери охорони здоров’я як пріоритету державного регулювання демографічного розвитку

Abstract

In the article, on the basis of the conducted analysis, the situation has been developed to clarify the essence of state regulation of demographic development on the basis of specification of its features, in particular, through a direction such as health care. The methodical approach to improving the mechanism of financial support of health care sphere as a priority of state regulation of demographic development is substantiated. It is shown that the principal feature of state regulation of demographic development is the mediation of influence on the dynamics of demographic processes, in particular, through human behavior, through decisions in the sphere of marriage, the birth of children, the sphere of employment, the choice of profession, and health care. In this case, the mechanisms of state regulation determine the formation of demographic needs that determine the characteristics of demographic behavior, as well as the formation of conditions for their implementation through the health, education, social security, etc. Taking into account the aforesaid, the necessity of improving the mechanism of state regulation in the field of health as the main condition of demographic development that affects the protection and provision of reproductive rights of citizens, the formation of their reproductive needs (provision of professional medical and social assistance in matters of family planning, raising the level of quality, as well as the diversification of the types and forms of medical care for the family of reproductive age, informing the population about disease prevention and strengthening health) The choice is due to the fact that the sphere of healthcare combines both blocks of priority directions of development of state regulation of demographic processes, namely: maximizing the birth rate and minimizing mortality. The analysis revealed a significant limitation of the financial possibilities of state influence on demographic processes through the sphere of health care, which necessitates its optimization and the search for reserves for the use of financial and material resources. In this regard, the approach to improving the financing mechanism of the health care as a priority of state regulation of demographic development, which aims at ensuring socially justifiable distribution of funds, is substantiated and provides for: introduction of compulsory social health insurance; the implementation of balanced multi-channel and multi-level financing on the indicators of the level of income of patients (low, medium, high), the severity of diseases with their corresponding structuring (life threatening, infertility, disability, disability, worsening of living standards) to determine the sources of health care financing and how to combine them.