Контекстний аналіз комунікативних ситуацій волевиявлення (на матеріалі роману «Монолог перед обличчям сина» Михайла Івасюка)

Abstract

A nonfiction narrative is an image of a certain reality through the prism of the author’s vision. In the story the author can use not only descriptions or reflections, but also situations of communication, which contain features of communicative behaviour of certain social groups during the timeline described in the text. The novel “A Monologue in My Son’s Face” written by Mykhailo Ivasyuk can be considered as an example of such a work. Not only the described events correspond to the spirit of that time, but also do so the communicative models, in particular the situations of motivation. The purpose of our study is to describe the situations of will expression in the work, to find out how it complements the features of the characters and records the peculiarities of communicative behaviour of the inhabitants of Soviet Ukraine at the time mentioned in the novel. The study will analyse the communicative situations of motivation, identify the linguistic means of motivation, describe the book characters through their methods of volitional influence presented by the author. The study aims to find out how the writer's creative idea is comprehended through individual situations (in this case through motivation). It also investigates, how the description of book characters can be complemented by contextual analysis. The study will draw conclusions about the communicative behaviour of certain segments of the Ukrainian society for the period described in the work. The object of the study were motivational constructions from the period of adult life of Volodymyr Ivasyuk, as there are many examples of communication with representatives of different segments of the Ukrainian population. The main characters almost do not use verbs in the imperative mood, motivating interlocutors through indirect means, for example, with the word want, would like, questions, emphasis on the benefits of the proposed action and so on. The author makes more decisive demands as a statement of fact or conveys through the predicate word “need”. Interestingly, the prepositional word “must”, which can be interpreted as addressed form of the word “need”, was used only twice, and even so, in situations involving public service guidelines. Another feature that allows us to characterize Volodymyr Ivasyuk as a rather self-demanding personality is the use of word “need” in situations of self-motivation. Verbs in the form of the imperative mood are found in situations of unappealable expression of will by officials, which were accompanied by using the word “thou” and the Russian language. This way of managing a much older person, because it is addressed to the father of Volodymyr Ivasyuk, who was looking for his missing son, complements the negative impression of these characters. In the end, such communicative behaviour is fully consistent with the realities of that time, although it might depended on the personality of the speaker.