Механізм забезпечення житлом внутрішньо переміщених осіб як соціальний аспект захисту населення у воєнний період

Abstract

The article outlines the concept of «internally displaced persons» (IDPs), which should be understood as citizens of the country, foreigners or stateless persons who legally stay in the territory of the country where they have permanent residence, and who, as a result of hostilities and their consequences, are forced to leave their permanent place of residence for the safety of their lives, within the borders of the country of their permanent residence. The process of adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons in the conditions of war is studied. It is argued that the mechanism for providing housing to internally displaced persons during the war period should not only take into account temporary needs, but also contribute to long-term stability and recovery. The housing problems of internally displaced persons under martial law are identified on the example of the city of Chernihiv. A mechanism for providing housing to internally displaced persons has been developed. Ways to solve the housing problems of internally displaced persons are proposed, including: construction of modular towns; installation of modular houses in the yard; provision of interest-free loans for the purchase of housing; rent of housing by the State compensation to the owners of such housing; conducting an inventory of the existing housing stock and using it for temporary residence of internally displaced persons; ensuring the processes of resumption of construction and use of affordable housing in different regions; reorientation of existing programs for the development of housing construction to solve the housing problems of IDPs; development of mechanisms for compensating the cost of housing lost during the armed aggression of the Russian Federation; development of a unified strategy for helping IDPs on housing issues, etc. It is asserted that taking into account the peculiarities of the war period requires immediate and carefully designed measures aimed at a temporary and long-term solution to the problem of housing for internally displaced persons.