Abstract
The efficiency of internal combustion engines of energy facilities operating in the conditions of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex depends on the stability of the thermal regime of the engine. Its provision is entrusted to the cooling system, in this article which is a radiator with a polyurethane core. The temperature regime of the engine operation affecting a number of factors is given and described - these are design parameters (design features of the radiator and the features of the working process of the radiator, taking into account the operating conditions of the tractor) and operational, which take into account the operating mode of the tractor and natural and climatic conditions. According to the research results during the operation of the tractor in steady conditions, the temperature of the coolant in the system is stable, respectively, the temperature field of the air flow at the inlet and outlet of the radiator with a polyurethane core also stabilizes. To take them into account, the coefficient of thermal properties of the radiator is introduced, which depends on the external and internal temperature-dynamic effects of the environment, and a diagram is constructed that shows the dependence of the temperature of the coolant flowing in the radiator on the generated load of the tractor during operation in the field. At the same time, the temperature-dynamic characteristic of the tractor does not depend on the design features of the engine, but on the power developed by the engine. Therefore, the heat removed from the engine into the coolant is calculated by us through the engine power. Based on this, the characteristic of the thermal balance of the engine and the heat transfer of the radiator during the operation of the tractor at full load are considered, taking into account the change in gears within the speed limits, a graph of the thermal balance of the engine and radiator versus speed is built. Based on the calculations, it was concluded that the use of the characteristics of the traction-dynamic balance of the tractor can serve as the basis for the general analysis and calculated and experimental operating modes of the automotive polymer radiator and the cooling system as a whole, taking into account the loads, climatic conditions and operating parameters of the cooling system
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