ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІАЛ САМОТНОСТІ В СУЧАСНІЙ ПОЛЬСЬКІЙ ПРОЗІ (ЗА РОМАНОМ ЯНУША ЛЕОНА ВИШНЕВСЬКОГО "САМОТНІСТЬ У МЕРЕЖІ")

Abstract

The philosophical and literary discourse of existentialism has witnessed the loss of man's existence as a lcomfort zoner, instead outlining the onset of averaged, false existence. A man persecuted by fears and insecurity, loss, meaninglessness of his life, preferred to escape from reality, which every time puts before him new difficult demands. As a defense mechanism, escapism takes many forms, but the fact that co-existence with the Other, integrity acquires attribute features of a simulacrum or a phantom, remains undeniable. Pluralism and mosaicism, the simulation of human authenticity exacerbate the tragedy of an individualized, monadic being dominated by the existential loneliness.n The problem of the nature and essence of loneliness has a significant place in literary, philosophical, religious, psychological and other practices. The actuality and lslippager of the essence of this existential is due to its inherent ambivalence, in particular, the researchers stated the presence of externaln/ internal, goodn/ bad, situationaln/ chronic, malen/ female loneliness. Every attempt at phenomenological reduction, the attempt to ltake it in parenthesesr raises even more questions. It is natural that the existentiality of loneliness has become a productive part of the artistic practices of contemporary world literature. Writers propose its variant comprehension: from loneliness as separation from oneself and the world to the solitude of lhoveringr in the dimension of lno-Otherr. The proposed studio focuses on the peculiarities of the artistic presentation of the existential loneliness in contemporary Polish literature. An illustration was Janusz Leon Wiśniewski's debut novel, Loneliness on the Net. Through the lens of communicative philosophy, the change in understanding of loneliness as an expectation of meeting with the lOtherr to loneliness as an attribute of modern human being is shown. The work articulates different kinds of it, when a person is paradoxically doomed to loneliness, because there is no Other (or that significant Other), or when he meets another, but does not receive the desired harmonious co-existence.