ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ, ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ СТРУКТУРИ І ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ НОВИХ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ДЛЯ НАПОВНЮВАННЯ-ДОДУБЛЮВАННЯ ШКІРИ

Abstract

The paper presents the results of research of two new industrial polymer materials in the form of the Syntan RS3L product and the Syntan F187 product. It has been experimentally established that these materials differ in appearance, structure, and physicochemical properties. So, the first product is a solution of polyacrylates and is well compatible with water, while the second product is a synthetic composition of melamine-formaldehyde resins and inorganic compounds based on aluminium, iron, potassium, sulfur, silicon in the form of a powder, which is partially soluble in water. Using the method of infrared spectroscopy, the features of the structure of polymeric materials are determined – the presence of various groups and bonds, which indicates the polyfunctional nature of both reagents. It was found that after treatment of a chrome tanned collagen preparation with Syntan LF187, the optical density in the IR spectrum of collagen changes to the greatest extent at a frequency of 876-873 cm-1, which corresponds to stretching vibrations of O-O groups of peroxides in the protein structure. When exposed to the Syntan RS3 product, significant changes are observed in the frequency range 1240-1235 cm-1, which corresponds to the stretching and deformation vibrations of the nitrogen-containing Amide II groups, amines and OH groups of alcohols. When studying the technological capabilities of polymeric materials as reagents for filling and retanning chrome tanned leather for shoe uppers from cattle raw materials, it was found that, according to the organoleptic assessment and the indicator of the generalized objective function, the best were leather samples processed with 2.0 % of the Syntan RS3 product. The results obtained can be explained by the peculiarities of the distribution and interaction of materials in the structure of the dermis, the essence of which is the formation of strong and at the same time flexible bonds, which has a positive effect on the formation of the structure and quality indicators of leather. To confirm the obtained data, it is planned to conduct semi-production tests. It is expected that the quality of the finished product will improve, and the existing vegetable and synthetic tanning agents will be replaced with a modern, more efficient and environmentally friendly polymer material.