Философия постмодернизма о плюрализации и политизации как основных тенденциях трансформации религии в современном обществе

Abstract

The relevance of the article lies in the need to analyze and evaluate the role of religion in post-postmodern society. The problems of the global technogenic society require not only scientific solutions, but also their moral assessment. The strengthening of the role of religion and its relevance in society is due to its ethical content and focus on the spiritual life of a person. The purpose of this article is to examine the features of understanding religion in the philosophy of postmodernism, in order to understand the processes in the sphere of religion at the beginning of the XXI century. Representatives of European postmodernism carried out a reflection of the postmodern era, including the state of religion. The scientific novelty of the research consists in considering two aspects of postmodernism’s view of religion. First, philosophers foresaw the wide spread of non-confessional religion, the coexistence of various religious forms. The transformation of the forms, status and role of religion in postmodernism was explained by the pluralism of postmodern society (the complexity of modern societies, processes, different worldviews, beliefs). The essence of religion is not connected with traditional religious dogmas, but with the possibility of spiritual transformation of a person. Religious experience can be translated through art (J. Deleuze), self-awareness (M. Foucault). Second, postmodern philosophers reveal the socio-political role of religion. Traditional religious teachings are considered as constructions of the human mind created by the power structures of society. individuals are Managed in society through religious discourse (M. Foucault). The main function of religion is to compel people, so we should be freed from the authoritarian power of traditional religion. In modern society religion continues to be the most important element. As a result of the development of the features of postmodern society, the «pluralization of the religious situation» occurs and the tendency to politicize it increases. Non-traditional religious movements and various forms of religion are widely spread. Reflections on the religion of representatives of postmodernism remain relevant, since they allow us to focus on the spiritual component of religion, to understand the status and position of religion in modern society.