ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МОТОРНЫХ МАСЕЛ В ДВИГАТЕЛЯХ ЗЕРНОУБОРОЧНЫХ КОМБАЙНОВ В ПЕРИОД ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ И МЕЖСЕЗОННОГО ХРАНЕНИЯ

Abstract

Motor oils in the course of work in the engines of combine harvesters change their properties. They accumulate pollution, products of oil oxidation and fuel combustion, which requires their timely replacement. Under operating conditions, it is quite difficult to establish the need to replace engine oil based on an analysis of changes in indicators. To develop an oil change technology based not on operating time, but on the actual state, it is necessary to analyze the change in the characteristics of engine oil, which in the end will reduce the cost of operation, maintenance and repair of machine engines. Based on the results of the studies, it was found that the viscosity of the engine oil M-10G2 and M-10DM does not change significantly over the period of operation. As the operating time increased, the base number of oils decreased from 9 mg KOH/g to 3.5-5 mg KOH/g. As a result of determining the change in the contamination of engine oils during the operation of the combines, it was found that the content of mechanical impurities, wear products, to a greater extent depended on the technical condition of the combine, its service life, and compliance with the rules for the maintenance operation. During the research, the well-known regularity of the relationship between the change in the color of engine oil and the content of impurities (resins) was confirmed as the operating time. The flash point in used oils also depends on the technical condition of the internal combustion engine, the correct operation of the fuel equipment. According to the results of the research, it was established that during the period of work performed by the combine harvester, the properties of motor oils changed in accordance with known patterns. It has been established that the service life of the oil before replacement can be increased by periodically removing mechanical impurities and aging products.