Abstract
The aim of the study is to study the characteristics of physicochemical processes in the cavity of an oxygen converter when purging a bath through two-tier tuyeres of various designs. The analysis showed that the classical designs of oxygen tuyeres equipped with tips with Laval nozzles do not always satisfy the requirements of the technology. The article presents the results of laboratory high-temperature modeling of the process of purging the converter bath through two-tier tuyeres equipped with tips of various designs. The studies were carried out on a multipurpose installation mounted on the basis of a 150-kg induction furnace and a 60-kg converter manufactured at a scale of 1:18 relative to 160 tons of an industrial unit. It is shown that the use of a two-tier lance provides additional advantages for the smelting process. So, in the initial and main periods of purging the converter bath through a two-tier lance with a double-row tip, it was possible to accelerate the process of slag formation without the addition of fluorspar, to intensify the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content. Upon completion of the initial purge period at a low metal temperature of 1300-1330 ° C and the corresponding basicity of liquid slag, the degree of dephosphorization of 73.3-79.1% is achieved. When used for blowing two-tier tuyeres with double-row tips, the efficiency of afterburning of CO exhaust gases to CO2 also increases at the same decarburization rate of the bath. Based on the data of high-temperature modeling, the rational design of the two-tier lance has been determined, which ensures: balance of the heat balance; yield increase; creating conditions for the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content; exclusion of negative effects on the lining.
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