ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ РАДИОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ БОЛЬНЫХ РАКОМ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ ПОЛОСТИ РТА ПО ЧАСТОТЕ КЛЕТОК С ПОЛИСОМИЕЙ ХРОМОСОМ 7 И 11 ПРИ ФРАКЦИОНИРОВАННОЙ ГАММА-ЛУЧЕВОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Abstract

Purpose: To study the dynamics of frequency of tumor cells with polysomy 7 and 11 chromosomes in patients with oral cancer during fractionated gamma-radiotherapy. Material and methods: The study was carried out using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on smears of 19 patients with oral cancer before treatment, after first total focal dose of gamma-radiotherapy (up to 18 Gy) and after second total focal dose (up to 32 Gy). As for control oral smears of 12 healthy donors were taken. Molecular cytogenetic abnormalities were examined in taken samples. Results: The average group frequency of cell with polysomy 7 and 11 chromosomes in controls was 0.7 ± 0.2 % and 0.3 ± 0.1 % respectively. The average frequency of cells with chromosome 7 polysomy in group oral cancer patients before treatment was 32.3 ± 4.5 %, after first focal dose was 15.7 ± 2.9 % and after second focal dose was 8.0 ± 2.3 %. Dynamics analysis of these values revealed the significant decreasing (р < 0.05) in cells with chromosome 7 polysomy during radiotherapy. The average group frequency of cells with polysomy 11 in cancer patients before treatment was 25.8 ± 5.6 %, 12.2 ± 2.4 % and 5.4 ± 0.9 % after first and second focal dose respectively. These values was significantly (р < 0.01) higher compare with the one in the control group. After radiotherapy the 16 (84 %) patients with polysomy chromosomes 7 and/or 11 had significant decreasing (р < 0.05) in aberrant levels. Some of them (6 persons – 32 %) had decreasing frequency up to the control levels. 4 persons (21 %) observed firstly the increasing of cells with polysomy but after there was the reduction. 5 patients (26 %) over full course of gamma-radiotherapy demonstrated the gain in frequency of cells with polysomy or the same value as it was before treatment. Conclusion: Thus, the study of molecular cytogenetic abnormalities in cells of oral cancer patients before and after radiotherapy was shown the polysomy of chromosomes being the marker of genome instability could indicate the tumor response ongoing therapy.