Сравнительная оценка эффективности эмболизации ветвей подколенной артерии и комплексного консервативного лечения при остеоартрите коленного сустава

Abstract

Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a common condition that often leads to pain and impaired joint function. Embolization of branches of the popliteal artery is an innovative treatment method for osteoarthritis, however, its effectiveness and comparison with complex conservative treatment in cases where surgical intervention is not possible require further investigation. Objective is to evaluate and compare the short-term, medium-term, and long-term outcomes of embolization of branches of the popliteal artery and complex conservative treatment in patients with stage III knee osteoarthritis. The study included patients with stage III knee osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren–Lawrence scale who were unable to undergo surgical intervention for various reasons. Two treatment methods were offered to them: embolization of branches of the popliteal artery and complex conservative treatment. Patients were divided into two groups. The results were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the WOMAC questionnaire, which considers the joint's functional status and the patient's quality of life. The study significantly reduced VAS scores and WOMAC questionnaire scores in both groups. In the group treated with embolization of branches of the popliteal artery compared to complex conservative treatment, pain relief occurred in a shorter period, and the pain remission period was longer. The results suggest the potential effectiveness of embolization of branches of the popliteal artery in treating knee osteoarthritis. For patients with severe osteoarthritis where surgical treatment is not possible, both treatment methods demonstrated good results when applied meticulously and monitored, with embolization of branches of the popliteal artery being more effective in relieving pain. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and determine optimal treatment strategies. Based on a 2-year observation period, for patients with severe intractable pain caused by stage III knee osteoarthritis according to K–L, embolization of branches of the popliteal artery is a more effective treatment method in pain relief, improving quality of life and social activity compared to conservative complex.