Abstract
The article delves into the etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of acute otitis media (AOM), along with measures for preventing its complications. AOM is characterized by the rapid onset of symptoms indicative of inflammation in the middle ear. The paper examines AOM incidence rates across different countries, including Russia, highlighting the significance of this health issue. Various factors can contribute to the development of AOM, such as anatomical features of the middle ear, the cellular biology patterns of the nasopharynx, and variations in immune responses to microbial invasions. The condition is commonly associated with viral and bacterial pathogens, as well as genetic predisposition; however, bacteria are generally considered the primary causative agents. The article also addresses therapeutic approaches and the concern of overdiagnosis, which can lead to the excessive use of antibiotics and subsequent resistance. A retrospective analysis of 90 outpatient records was conducted, focusing on patients who received analgesic ear drops during the pre-perforated stage of AOM. Findings indicate that a combination drug containing lidocaine and phenazone was frequently prescribed in cases of recurrent AOM and for referrals to an otorhinolaryngologist within the initial two days of disease onset, particularly for patients with bilateral AOM. The importance of prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of AOM is underscored, as well as the necessity for preventive measures to decrease incidence rates. These insights can be highly beneficial for practitioners and specialists in the field of otorhinolaryngology. KEYWORDS: acute otitis media, otalgia, earache, ear drops, lidocaine, phenazone, compliance, drug choice. FOR CITATION: Kiselyov A.B., Chaukina V.A., Andamova O.V., Avtushko A.S., Vertakova O.V., Rudenskikh Yu.V. Etiology, diagnosis, complications and treatment of acute otitis media in pediatric population. Modern view of the problem. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(8):493–498 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-8-8.
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