Измерение дневных, сезонных и годовых вариаций фона метана оптическим лидаром на северо-востоке Московской области

Abstract

Daily, seasonal and annual measurements of methane background variations were carried out in the northeast of the Moscow Region, both by active remote lidar operating at a wavelength of ~ 1650 nm with a powerful radiation source based on a Raman amplifier, and by a passive method, using solar radiation as a broadband light source. Observations were carried out both in urbanized areas near the city, and in an environmentally friendly area with a low economic level of activity. Over 4 years of observations, the background methane concentration in the urbanized area increased from ~ 2.0 ppm to ~ 2.24 ppm, in the environmentally friendly area from 1.75 ppm to 1.95 ppm. A particularly strong jump in urbanized terrain occurred in the last year of observations at ~ 0.15 ppm. Since the background increases faster near megacities, this, in our opinion, is associated with human economic activity, possible emissions of methane from pipelines, storage facilities, methane engines of cars, which in recent years have become more and more. An important factor in such a process is the reduction of forests that can absorb hydrocarbons. The method and results of measurements can be used for environmental monitoring of objects and forecasting of methane background dynamics.