МОРАЛЬНЫЕ ДИЛЕММЫ И ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ КОНФЛИКТЫ В РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ ХХ ВЕКА И В ПРОЗЕ Ф. ИСКАНДЕРА

Abstract

This article is an exploration of moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts in Russian literature of the 20th century and their influence on shaping public consciousness and dialogue on moral issues. The article actively engages in a deep analysis and discussion of various moral aspects present in Russian literature of the 20th century. Key themes such as freedom, justice, identity, collectivism, and individuality take center stage. The article examines these ethical questions through the prism of well-known literary works of that time, including those by B. Pasternak, M. Bulgakov, Y. Za-myatin, and the Abkhazian writer F. Iskander. Particular emphasis is placed on how these moral issues materialize in the characters and stories of literary works. The analysis explores the mean-ings, dilemmas, and conflicts presented by authors through their characters. This approach adds depth to the article, enriching the discussion of moral issues not only in the abstract but also in literary works. The study methodology is founded on an examination of the socio-cultural back-drop, the impact of historical events on social and moral standards, and a thorough examination of genres and major works. The novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts presented in Russian literature of the 20th century. The arti-cle’s findings can be valuable in literary studies, philosophy, ethics, education, social sciences, and cultural studies. They can be used to debate and examine moral concerns, the impact of litera-ture on public opinion, and to spark public debate and shape public consciousness. The article un-derscores the importance of Russian literature of the 20th century in exploring moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts, as well as its role in shaping public consciousness and dialogue on moral is-sues.