Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the therapeutic evaluation of chitosan extracted from the fungus cushroom and pure chitosan on glucose and lipid profile in the blood of 35 male rabbits with hyperlipidemia induced experimentally by cholesterol. The tests included estimation of glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins. hyperlipidemia was induced in the male rabbits used in the study which was administered orally with cholesterol 150mg/kg body weight for a week. rabbits were divided into seven groups: control, cholesterol, pure chitosan, mushroom chitosan, cholesterol and pure chitosan, cholesterol and mushroom chitosan and cholesterol and simvastatin. The results of the study showed, the hyperlipidemia induced experimentally resulted a significant increase (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, while no significant difference in HDL compared with control group, on the otherwise the glucose level significantly increase than control. Also, groups of animals treatment with pure chitosan and mushroom chitosan showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and no significant difference in HDL compared with control group. While, the groups showed treatment with cholesterol and pure chitosan, cholesterol and mushroom chitosan, cholesterol and simvastatin a significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in HDL compared with the cholesterol group. The research study revealed that chitosan extracted from mushroom can control the levels of fat concentrations and their complications, in addition to its important role in biochemical variables, and treatment of most disease cases, especially cardiovascular disease.
Highlights
Nutritional fungi, including mushroom, are rich in carbohydrates that include dietary fibers and polysaccharides such as gluconate, glycogen, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and it are rich in protein content because it contains most of amino acids, and it contain low levels of fats, and they are in the form of sterols
The tests included estimation of glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins. hyperlipidemia was induced in the male rabbits used in the study which was administered orally with cholesterol 150mg/kg body weight for a week. rabbits were divided into seven groups: control, cholesterol, pure chitosan, mushroom chitosan, cholesterol and pure chitosan, cholesterol and mushroom chitosan and cholesterol and simvastatin
FTIR spectroscopy The FTIR spectrum of the chitosan model extracted from mushroom,(Figure 3) shows the amino group (NH2) is the most important active group, that absorption peak appeared at the frequency 1490 cm-1, where the appearance of this group on the carbon 2 site of glucose amine is an evidence of the presence of chitosan, and these results are close to what he found (Kumirska et al, 2010).While the active group, which represents the bundle of N - H groups, its absorption peak appeared at frequencies 3265 cm-1
Summary
Nutritional fungi, including mushroom, are rich in carbohydrates that include dietary fibers and polysaccharides such as gluconate, glycogen, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and it are rich in protein content because it contains most of amino acids, and it contain low levels of fats, and they are in the form of sterols. Studies indicated that It contains heart-enhancing chemical compounds, anti-cholesterol, liver-protective, blood-sugar-level, anti-cancer, bacteria, viruses (Jua et al, 2010; RamirezAnguiano et al, 2007). Hyperlipidemia is a disease caused by a metabolic disorder that leads to disturbances in the transport of lipoproteins in the blood plasma (high levels of low-density lipoproteins and very low-density proteins containing high cholesterol) and this in turn has a great impact on the incidence of atherosclerosis (Brown & Goldstein 1987). Chitosan contains the active hydroxyl groups at the site of carbon atom 6 and 3, and contains the amine group at the site of carbon 2, as in (Figure 1)
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