Виклики післявоєнного відновлення екосистем суходолу в контексті імплементації засад сталого розвитку (на прикладі Київської області)

Abstract

The Kyiv region is one of the areas in Ukraine that has suffered from the war. The military actions have caused significant damage to the terrestrial ecosystems of the Kyiv region, creating new problems and exacerbating existing ones. Addressing these challenges is crucial for the future development of the region. The best approach in this case is to apply the concept of sustainable development, which will not only restore nature but also preserve it for future generations. Considering that terrestrial systems and complexes are the most affected by military aggression, experiencing both destructive and total devastating impacts, achieving Goal 15 (Life on Land) in the region in the context of the consequences of this war seems extremely problematic. Therefore, analyzing the challenges that need to be overcome is timely. During the research, a number of methods were applied, including analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, study of sources, interpretation of satellite images, and other cartographic materials. Thus, the article characterizes the current state of terrestrial ecosystems in the Kyiv region before and after the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine. The main challenges at that time were related to radiation contamination in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, uncontrolled deforestation, industrial pollution, and exhaust emissions. After the full-scale invasion, the consequences of military actions in the region became catastrophic and detrimental to all living things. Among them are the contamination of terrestrial ecosystems with explosive substances and ammunition, burning of forest areas, loss of biodiversity, and flooding of large territories. These challenges pose a threat to the safety of people and animals and slow down the implementation of sustainable development principles. In this regard, recommendations were developed on how to achieve relatively faster restoration of the area, using the experience of other countries in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 15 and their scientific implementation in this context.