«ВТОРИННІ ДЖЕРЕЛА» КЕЛЬТСЬКОГО ТА ГЕРМАНО-СКАНДИНАВСЬКОГО МОДУСІВ В СУЧАСНІЙ ПОПУЛЯРНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ЖАНРУ ФЕНТЕЗІ

Abstract

The article deals with the main sources of the modern fantasy genre, presented in the form of several blocks of borrowings. First of all, this is the influence of the figures of the «Celtic Revival», who were engaged the search, recording and systematization of mainly Irish, Scottish and Welsh tales, myths and a wide range of folklore material. This legacy was transformed into an original literary tradition characterized by a combination of legendary heritage with fictional art elements and authorial reworking. Examples of pseudo-translations from Celtic languages presented as authentic, such as the work of James Macpherson. The article identifies the key figures of the «Celtic Revival» and singles out their works, which, in the opinion of the author, had the greatest impact on the formation of the fantasy genre. In particular William Butler Yeats, Isabella Augusta Persse (usually Lady Gregory), Thomas Moore, Edward John Moreton Plunkett (usually Lord Dunsany), Irish writer, poet, painter – George Russell, Irish playwright, poet, writer, collector of folklore – John Millington Synge, Irish writer Alice Letitia Milligan. The Romantic Age in English literature had a significant impact on the fantasy genre. The author analyzed the most relevant creative developments in this connection: William Blake, John Keats, William Wordsworth, Percy Shelley, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey, Walter Scott, Mary Shelley. Gothic fiction and in particular Gothic novels, is an equally important «factor of influence». First of all, it is about Horace Walpole, Clara Reeve, William Beckford, Matthew Gregory Lewis, Ann Radcliffe, Bram Stoker. The author presents a vision of the «wide treasury of inspiration» opus of the main archetypes of European fantasy, which also includes «German Romanticism». It is represented Ludwig von Arnim, Ernst Hoffmann, Ludwig Uhland, Friedrich von Hardenberg (usually Novalis), Ludwig Tieck, Joseph von Eichendorff.