Использование агрометеорологических данных для обоснования оросительных мелиораций саженцев плодовых и ягодных культур в Центральном Нечерноземье

Abstract

Irrigation is important when growing planting material in fruit and berry nurseries, which are located in areas of insufficient or unstable moisture, as well as in the central part of the non-chernozem zone of Russia due to the uneven distribution of precipitation during the season. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for irrigation reclamation of seedlings of fruit and berry crops in the central Non-black earth region using agrometeorological data. Research on the development of drip irrigation technology for seedlings of fruit and berry crops was carried out in the Michurinsky garden of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. The study uses observational data (air temperature, precipitation, relative air humidity) obtained at the Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory, for 2018‑2023. To assess the provision of heat and moisture to individual periods of the growing season, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient was calculated. a and Shashko moisture coefficient. As a result of the analysis of agrometeorological data, the need for irrigation in the conditions of the central non-chernozem zone of Russia was proven. The number of days with productive precipitation of more than 5 mm is 39% of the total number of days on which precipitation fell, and its distribution during the growing season is uneven, which may coincide with hot periods when plants are characterized by increased water consumption.