Abstract
Abstract The authors proceed from the position of Yu.S. Stepanov on the significance of the ancient semantic layer in a concept`s modeling. In the article, the dynamic processes in the emotive content of “Envy” and “Jealousy” concepts are considered on the material of Slavic and Romanic-Germanic languages: from poorly differentiated indication of strong negative conditions in one word (invidia – hatred and envy in Latin) to the disengagement of emotions with different categories in some languages and possible semantic align-ment of emotive semantics in the semantic structure of one word. If the connection with the process of visual perception in the words zavist, zawiśc, zazdrośc, envy, envie is clear, the origin of the lexeme revnost (jealousy) in the Russian language is not definitive: etymologically, in some cases the word is correlated with anger (*rьva), but in the other with eagerness, tear and competition. Different root forms of French and English names of jealousy, jealousie and jealousy, came from Latin zelozja ← Greek ζήλος mean-ing “ardour, zeal”. Different roots underlying the names of jealousy differ, however, in the general logic of the development and implementation of the semantics of zeal and competition. Processes of language categorization, associated with the designation of the concepts “envy” and “jealousy” in Slavic and Romanic-Germanic languages, are correlated with each other in a number of positions: emotive semantics, being a derivative, is formed on the basis of the lexicon with the meaning of intense physical action or vocabulary of visual perception; the logic of the development of the semantics of the word – from physical to emo-tional sphere – is universal for Indo-European languages. However, the language interpretation of the emo-tions of envy, jealousy and hatred represents different semantic configurations that demonstrate speakers’ perception of the causal links between different emotional states: for each sense there is a specialized emotive word in Russian and English, created to differentiate related emotions; on the contrary, in Polish and French emotions of jealousy and envy are reflected in one word (jealousie, zazdrośc). In addition, the link with historically related word hatred in modern languages is actualized to different degrees.Keywords: language picture of the world, etymology, dynamic processes in languages, linguistic con-ceptualization of emotions.
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