Вплив біологічних та медико-соціальних факторів на формування схильності підлітків шкільного віку до негативної поведінки

Abstract

Purpose — to identify environmental factors that influence on negative behavior in school-age adolescents. Materials and methods. A survey of 256 adolescents in primary schools examined the health status, psychological state of the family and school. 337 adolescents were examined, 101 were at risk group, 80 were adolescent from social rehabilitation boarding schools and 156 were in control group to identify the reasons that prompted adolescents to behave negatively. Results. We found decreased health indicators of adolescents from risk group, a psychological condition in their families was unsatisfactory in a large proportion of adolescents: 13.3% was nervous, 11% was depressed, 7.6% was anxious, 8.8% s aggressive. The same pattern was observed in school conditions — 26.5% of adolescents indicated anxiety-nervous state, 16.2% — depressed, 9.8% — aggressive. Depth researches of into the causes of adolescents' psychological deterioration and their tendency to negative behavior revealed a number of biological and medico-social factors, which include complications of delivery, that was found in the first year of life, raising children in the family, organizing schooling, the prevalence of harmful habits, unhealthy lifestyles and unfavorable family conditions (single-parent families, alcohol abuse parents, child neglect). Conclusions. This study showed that adolescents who are prone to socio-negative behavior have a difficult history of life, a number of social and biological factors that adversely affect their health, psychological development and adaptation in society. To prevent this phenomenon it is necessary to create a state program of preventive education of young people, formation of the concept of healthy lifestyle for each teenager. Teens from families at risk group should be taken on special controls. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of an participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: adolescents, risk factors, health, psychological status.