БАШКИРСКОЕ ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ В ИНСТИТУТЕ ИСТОРИИ, ЯЗЫКА И ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ УФИЦ РАН: ОСНОВНЫЕ ЭТАПЫ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ

Abstract

The article describes the main stages and directions of studying the Bashkir language within the walls of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 100 years ago, the Society for the Study of Bashkiria was founded under the People's Commissariat of Education - the Academcenter, which was succeeded by the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. During these past 100 years, the Institute has become one of the famous centers for the study of the language, culture, literature and history of the Bashkir and other peoples in Bashkortostan. In the first decades, work was carried out on the problems of the formation of the modern Bashkir literary language. In connection with the need to study the vocabulary of the spoken language of the Bashkirs, folklore-linguistic expeditions were organized. The expeditions were led by N.K. Dmitriev to various regions of the republic and the Bashkir-speaking regions of neighboring regions. Until the middle of the twentieth century. the main attention was focused on solving the issues of collecting, fixing language materials, on the development of new spelling, grammatical, lexical norms. As a result, numerous terminological dictionaries, spelling aids, and the first grammatical descriptions appeared. From the middle of the twentieth century linguists pay the most attention to the study of the history of the Bashkir language, dialectology, semasiology, and onomastics. The extensive material collected during numerous expeditions makes it possible to study the dialect material with the necessary completeness, describe the history of the development of the language, which is reflected in lexicographic publications and theoretical generalization in the relevant monographs. At the turn of the millennium, new related areas of study of the Bashkir language are being developed: ethnolinguistics, linguofolkloristics, and computational linguistics. The terminological, orthographic, explanatory, dialectal, semasiological, translation, ethnolinguistic dictionaries developed at the Institute show, on the one hand, the formation of the Bashkir literary language itself over 100 years, on the other hand, they are evidence of the extensive work carried out at the Institute on the study of the Bashkir language, marking are significant milestones in the development of Bashkir linguistics at the Institute, successfully continuing to this day.