Abstract
For the first time, a study of the chemical composition and diagnostic properties of gemstones of the main collection of the Earth Science Museum at Moscow State University has been carried out. The modern non-destructive analytical methods were used. These were the optical and scanning electron microscopy, which make it possible to study material composition without special sampling or probing, the latter fact being highly relevant in the museum field. Optical microscopy data showed that the majority of the studied gems contain a lot of fluid and solid inclusions of other minerals, indicating the natural origin of the examined samples. Typomorphic features of emerald crystals show a shale genetic type of this species. Data from scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of boron impurity in the composition of diamond single crystals.
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