Формування поживного режиму кислих ґрунтів за біологізації систем удобрення буряків цукрових в умовах Лісостепу України

Abstract

Goal. To determine regularities of influence of technologies of chemical amelioration at biological cultivation of sugar beet on nutrient status of gray forest sub-acid soil and typical leached sub-acid chernozem in the conditions of Right-Bank and Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Physical-chemical and agrochemical analysis of soil and plants were carried out, as well as phenological observations over the growth and development of plants. Results. The most effective dose influencing the content of major nutrients of grey forest sub-acid soil was 1,5 CaCO3 by hydrolytic acid (9 t/ha in physical weight). Thus the maximum content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen was 207.3 mg/kg of soil, of mobile phosphorus — 357.7, of exchange potassium — 198.4 mg/kg of soil. That was greater by 110.8, 184.6, and 41.1 mg/kg of soil, respectively, than in the control variant. The most efficient dose as to its influence on the content of major nutrients in the leached sub-acid chernozem was 1.5 CaCO3 by hydrolytic acid (7.5 t/ha in physical weight). Content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen increased to 140.5 mg/kg of soil, of mobile phosphorus — to 172.4, of exchange potassium — to 106.4 mg/kg of soil, and compared with the control variant was by 28.4, 15.1, and 38.9 mg/kg of soil more. Conclusions. The application of defecating on acidic grey forest soil and typical leached sub-acid chernozem at biological cultivation of sugar beet facilitates mobility and the content of major nutrients in the studied soils.