Находки лишайников-индикаторов биологически ценных лесных ландшафтов в национальном парке «Смоленское Поозерье» (Смоленская область, Россия)

Abstract

159 forest relevés on sample plots (400 m2 each) at Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park were collected during the period from 2017 till 2022. Lichen diversity of the plots was analyzed simultaneously. 25 lichen species from the preliminary list of indicators of biologically valuable forest landscapes in the coniferous-broadleaved subzone of the European part of Russia were found on 25 plots. Two more species (Pyrenula nitida and Toniniopsis separabilis) were added to the list based on their compliance with the criteria of indicator species. All 25 plots with indicator species are characterized by forest communities with high stand age without disturbance or with those happened long time ago. Most indicator species and their occurrence were found at «conditionally indigenous» coniferous-broadleaved forests on unplowed areas with edificatores of 85 years and older. The small-leaved forests covering the old-logged areas bared almost the same diversity of indicator species but twice less abundant. The old spruce and pine forests subjected to various disturbances were the poorest in both indicator species diversity and numbers. Three lichen species from the Federal Red Data Book ‒ Lobaria pulmonaria, Menegazzia terebrata and Usnea florida ‒ were identified on several sample plots located inside the core protected zone of the National Park. Several species ‒ Carbonicola anthracophila, Cladonia glauca, Cladonia norvegica, Menegazzia terebrata, Ochrolechia androgyna, Pertusaria coccodes, Pertusaria coronata, Pertusaria leioplaca, Phlyctis agelaea, Thelotrema lepadinum, and Usnea glabrescens – are recommended to be included into the Red Data Book of the Smolensk Region.