Заболеваемость клещевым энцефалитом в Центральном федеральном округе России. Клинические случаи тяжелого течения заболевания у детей

Abstract

This study shows the epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in the regions of the Central Federal District (CFD) of Russia for 2008-2020, including the morbidity in different age groups, children and adolescents. The highest rate was recorded in the Kostroma region – 5.43 ± 0.78 per 100 thousand population, followed by the Yaroslavl and Tver regions – 1.03 ± 0.21 and 0.49 ± 0.08 per 100 thousand, respectively. The incidence tends to decrease, which is more pronounced in the Yaroslavl region. The proportion of children and adolescents among patients with TBE in the Central Federal District regions is 5–11.3%. In the Yaroslavl region, mostly townspeople get sick, in the Kostroma region – rural residents. The structure of clinical forms of TBE in both regions is dominated by febrile forms, however, the proportion of focal forms remains high – over 15% and the proportion of meningeal forms decreases. In Moscow and the Moscow region, isolated local cases of TBE infection have been registered since 2011, which requires strengthening anti-epidemic measures. In the described clinical cases, a severe focal form of the disease was noted in children, in the first it ended with the formation of consequences in the form of symptomatic epilepsy, in the second – with a fatal outcome. Doctors of various profiles in endemic regions should be wary of TBE, and it is important to adhere to the correct tactics of managing patients with suspected infection. Key words: childhood morbidity, vaccination, tick-borne encephalitis, clinical forms, deaths, severe duration in children, Central Federal District