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Abstract
The article deals with the role of marginal sign of manicule in the late Western European manuscripts. It based on the analyses of the manuscripts «Sententiae of the Church Fathers» by Peter Solard (F I, No. 5944) and «The collection of works by Roman authors» (F I, No. 5893) from the collection of the Institute of Manuscripts of the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. It focuses on the change of functions of the manicules on the text margins of parchment and paper manuscripts. The author reveals four types of interaction between text and manicule and identifies. It is stressed that each manicule consisted of three units: «pointer finger», «wrist», «collar of clothes». The author points out that the main function of the marginal mark was to indicate a part of the text. This function disappeared in course of time as paper replaced the parchment. Additionally, the article touches upon a question of the «Sententiae of the Church Fathers» authorship. It is stated that Peter Lombard should be considered as a real author of the book. As it is shown in the article, further research on the marginalia of «The collection of works by Roman authors» will contribute to the attribution of this particular manuscript.
Highlights
DŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ĚĞĂůƐ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ƌŽůĞ ŽĨ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂů ƐŝŐŶ ŽĨ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ůĂƚĞ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ ƵƌŽƉĞĂŶ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ /ƚ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĂŶĂůLJƐĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ ͨ^ĞŶƚĞŶƚŝĂĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵƌĐŚ &ĂƚŚĞƌƐͩ ďLJ WĞƚĞƌ ^ŽůĂƌĚ ;& /͕ EŽρεκκͿ ĂŶĚ ͨdŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ǁŽƌŬƐ ďLJ ZŽŵĂŶ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐͩ ;& /͕ EŽρΘεϯͿ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ ŽĨ DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ sĞƌŶĂĚƐŬLJ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů >ŝďƌĂƌLJ ŽĨ hŬƌĂŝŶĞ /ƚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŚĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ ŵĂƌŐŝŶƐ ŽĨ ƉĂƌĐŚŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƉĂƉĞƌ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐdŚĞ ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ƌĞǀĞĂůƐ ĨŽƵƌ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚŝŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚĞdžƚ ĂŶĚ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ĂŶĚ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĞƐ /ƚ ŝƐ ƐƚƌĞƐƐĞĚ ƚŚĂƚ ĞĂĐŚ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞĚ ŽĨ ƚŚƌĞĞ ƵŶŝƚƐ ͨƉŽŝŶƚĞƌ ĨŝŶŐĞƌͩ ͨǁƌŝƐƚͩ ͨĐŽůůĂƌ ŽĨ ĐůŽƚŚĞƐͩ͘ dŚĞ ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŽƵƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂů ŵĂƌŬ ǁĂƐ ƚŽ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞ Ă ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚdŚŝƐ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ĚŝƐĂƉƉĞĂƌĞĚ ŝŶ ĐŽƵƌƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŝŵĞ ĂƐ ƉĂƉĞƌ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĚ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĐŚŵĞŶƚ ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůLJƚŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ƚŽƵĐŚĞƐ ƵƉŽŶ Ă ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ͨ^ĞŶƚĞŶƚŝĂĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵƌĐŚ &ĂƚŚĞƌƐͩ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐŚŝƉ /ƚ ŝƐ ƐƚĂƚĞĚ ƚŚĂƚ WĞƚĞƌ >ŽŵďĂƌĚ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ƌĞĂů ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ Ŭ Ɛ ŝƚ ŝƐ ƐŚŽǁŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂůŝĂ ŽĨ ͨdŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ǁŽƌŬƐ ďLJ ZŽŵĂŶ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐͩ ǁŝůů ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵƚĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĂƚƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚ.
˃̡̖̭̯ ̞ ̨̬̍̌͗̚ ʤ̱̣̦̞̌̽ ̨̛̪̬̣̖̥̍ ̨̞̭̯̬̞̟ ̶̛̥̭̯̖̯̏̌͘ ϮϬϭϳʦ̪͘ ϭ ͮ ρρʽ̨̬̞̥̖̦͘ ͨʦ̞̦̜̌̏̚ ̶̪̣̖̌̽ͩ ̏ ̵̨̡̛̬̪̖̜̭̿̏̽ ̵̡̛̥̦̱̭̬̪̯̌̌
ʺ̯̀ ̨̨̦̹̌̐ ̨̭̣̞̙̖̦̦̔̔́ ̿ ̨̭̯̦̣̖̦̦̏̌̏́ ̴̶̡̨̱̦̞̦̱̦̦̏̌́ ̡̥̦̞̱̣̌ ̏ ̵̡̨̛̬̱̪̭̌ ̨̨̪̞̦̽̐̚ ̸̸̨̭̖̬̖̦̞̔̽̏́ ̦̌ ̡̛̪̬̣̞̌̔ ̡̛̞̬̍̚ r̭̯̯̱̯ ̡̨̛̬̱̪̭̱ ʻʥ̥͘ ʦʦ̨̨̖̬̦̭̌̔̽̐͘
Summary
DŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ĚĞĂůƐ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ƌŽůĞ ŽĨ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂů ƐŝŐŶ ŽĨ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ůĂƚĞ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ ƵƌŽƉĞĂŶ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ /ƚ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĂŶĂůLJƐĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ ͨ^ĞŶƚĞŶƚŝĂĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵƌĐŚ &ĂƚŚĞƌƐͩ ďLJ WĞƚĞƌ ^ŽůĂƌĚ ;& /͕ EŽρεκκͿ ĂŶĚ ͨdŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ǁŽƌŬƐ ďLJ ZŽŵĂŶ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐͩ ;& /͕ EŽρΘεϯͿ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ ŽĨ DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ sĞƌŶĂĚƐŬLJ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů >ŝďƌĂƌLJ ŽĨ hŬƌĂŝŶĞ /ƚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŚĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ ŵĂƌŐŝŶƐ ŽĨ ƉĂƌĐŚŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƉĂƉĞƌ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚƐdŚĞ ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ƌĞǀĞĂůƐ ĨŽƵƌ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚŝŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚĞdžƚ ĂŶĚ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ĂŶĚ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĞƐ /ƚ ŝƐ ƐƚƌĞƐƐĞĚ ƚŚĂƚ ĞĂĐŚ ŵĂŶŝĐƵůĞ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞĚ ŽĨ ƚŚƌĞĞ ƵŶŝƚƐ ͨƉŽŝŶƚĞƌ ĨŝŶŐĞƌͩ ͨǁƌŝƐƚͩ ͨĐŽůůĂƌ ŽĨ ĐůŽƚŚĞƐͩ͘ dŚĞ ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŽƵƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂů ŵĂƌŬ ǁĂƐ ƚŽ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞ Ă ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚdŚŝƐ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ĚŝƐĂƉƉĞĂƌĞĚ ŝŶ ĐŽƵƌƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŝŵĞ ĂƐ ƉĂƉĞƌ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĚ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĐŚŵĞŶƚ ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůLJƚŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ƚŽƵĐŚĞƐ ƵƉŽŶ Ă ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ͨ^ĞŶƚĞŶƚŝĂĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵƌĐŚ &ĂƚŚĞƌƐͩ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐŚŝƉ /ƚ ŝƐ ƐƚĂƚĞĚ ƚŚĂƚ WĞƚĞƌ >ŽŵďĂƌĚ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ƌĞĂů ĂƵƚŚŽƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ Ŭ Ɛ ŝƚ ŝƐ ƐŚŽǁŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂůŝĂ ŽĨ ͨdŚĞ ĐŽůůĞĐƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ǁŽƌŬƐ ďLJ ZŽŵĂŶ ĂƵƚŚŽƌƐͩ ǁŝůů ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵƚĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĂƚƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌ ŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚ. ˃̡̖̭̯ ̞ ̨̬̍̌͗̚ ʤ̱̣̦̞̌̽ ̨̛̪̬̣̖̥̍ ̨̞̭̯̬̞̟ ̶̛̥̭̯̖̯̏̌͘ ϮϬϭϳʦ̪͘ ϭ ͮ ρρʽ̨̬̞̥̖̦͘ ͨʦ̞̦̜̌̏̚ ̶̪̣̖̌̽ͩ ̏ ̵̨̡̛̬̪̖̜̭̿̏̽ ̵̡̛̥̦̱̭̬̪̯̌̌
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