ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ВНЕШНЕГО ДЫХАНИЯ И КИСЛОРОДТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ КРОВИ СПОРТСМЕНОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЕВЕРА. ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР

Abstract

The regions of the Far North and regions equated to them diff er from central Russia in the severity of their climate. With long-term residence in the North, there is a regular alternation of stress processes necessary to adapt to new seasonal conditions. This review article highlights the view of various researchers on the problem of adaptation of some physiological systems of athletes to the conditions of the North. Physiological changes under the infl uence of natural and climatic factors in the most important systems responsible for providing the body with oxygen are briefl y highlighted. The state of the oxygen transport and respiratory systems is one of the most important values that determine the functional state of the body of athletes, which, in turn, determines the eff ectiveness of their sports activity. The main parameters of the working rhythms of physiological systems are also determined by the regularities of sports training in accordance with the calendar plan. It can be assumed that in the regions of the North, the athlete’s body synchronizes various oscillatory processes: seasonal biorhythms and working rhythms of physiological systems. In this case, the architectonics of biorhythms is determined by the mechanisms of phase synchronization of the functional readiness of the eff ector systems with the rhythms of the functional request [15]. Determination of the patterns of interaction of these oscillatory processes is an urgent task of modern science in the fi eld of sports physiology.