Abstract
Гипотермия ассоциируется с рядом электрокардиографических изменений, которые варьируют в зависимости от степени гипотермии. В данной статье мы рассматриваем факторы риска развития гипотермии, клиническое значение волны Осборна, механизмы ее возникновения, критерии выявления волны Осборна на электрокардиограмме, а также представляем клинический случай, когда даже незначительная гипотермия в сочетании с неврологической патологией индуцирует появление волны Осборна. Также рассматривается прогностическое значение волны Осборна в возникновении желудочковых аритмий.
Highlights
Risk factors of hypothermia include old age, very young age, alcohol and drug abuse, mental problems, certain medical conditions
Moderate hypothermia is associated with presence of J waves in inferior and lateral precardial leads, prologed PR, QT intervals and QRS complex duration, decrease in amplitude of P and T waves and finaly frequent supraventricular arrhythmias
Additional ECG changes in severe hypothermia may include J waves in all leads, absence of P waves and frequent fatal ventricular arrhythmias
Summary
Risk factors of hypothermia include old age, very young age, alcohol and drug abuse, mental problems , certain medical conditions (examples include diffirent nuerological pathology, poor nutrition or anorexia nervosa, severe arthritis, trauma). Electrocardiogram (ECG) in mild hypothermia is usually normal but can rarely show J waves (Osborn waves). Moderate hypothermia is associated with presence of J waves in inferior and lateral precardial leads, prologed PR, QT intervals and QRS complex duration, decrease in amplitude of P and T waves and finaly frequent supraventricular arrhythmias. Additional ECG changes in severe hypothermia may include J waves in all leads, absence of P waves and frequent fatal ventricular arrhythmias.
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