Освободительная борьба против владычества Сефевидов в Афганистане, Ираке, Курдистане и княжествах Персидского залива в конце XVII – начале XVIII вв.

Abstract

The following article is dedicated to the little-studied problem of national liberation uprisings that occurred in Afghanistan, Iraq, Kurdistan and the principalities of the Persian Gulf against the rule of the Safavid state during its decline. During the reign of Shah Soltan Hossein (1694-1722), in fact the last Shah of Persia, centrifugal tendencies in the Safavid state intensified. In this era, due to the weakening of the central Shah’s power and as a result of anti-Iranian uprisings in Dagestan and Shirvan, a number of powerful anti-Iranian uprisings took place on the territory of almost the entire Safavid state. The beginning of destructive performances inside Iran was laid by the uprising of the Afghan tribes of the Ghilzais and Abdalis which very soon spread to the rest of the tribes of Afghanistan. Similar unrest occurred in other possessions previously conquered by the Safavids. All this led to the aggravation of the already emerging systemic crisis in this state and the internal political struggle, inevitable with a weak Shah. As the authors note referring also to the opinion of a number of historians, in contrast to the crisis events in the Safavid state, in European countries, including the Russian State, there are opposite trends that contributed to the strengthening of their statehood which was the result of successful reforms. on their territory.